Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

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Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

Brook

Brook: Posts: 2682
Join date: 2010-08-21

Post n°31

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

Brook on Wed Jun 15, 2011 11:48 pm

Well...I can't do all this math..but I agree that "new age" is BS..and the father of the New age is? Would that be Carl Jung?

So allow me to get a more scientific view of the "new age" of Consciousness with a twist

Retrocausality and Signal Nonlocality in
Consciousness and Cosmology

Jack Sarfatti
ISEP.
Chestnut Street, San Francisco, CA 94133
ABSTRACT

I conjecture that the intrinsic conscious mental field is analogous to a hologram
described by a low frequency effective field nonlinear dissipative (non-unitary) local
macro quantum coherent c-number multi-component order parameter. This order
parameter landscape in our brain obeys a Landau-Ginzburg type equation for a non equilibrium
dissipative structure with signal non locality violating microscopic
orthodox quantum theory. Therefore, different parts of the brain can locally decode
messages from other distant parts without having to wait for classical electrical and
chemical signal keys to move slower than light. The coherent order parameter
landscape is phase and amplitude locked into the distributed pattern of the electrical
and chemical signals both for sensory input and motor output in a set of creative
feedback-control loops. The imprinting action of the electrical and chemical signal
patterns on the intrinsically mental landscape excites our inner conscious qualia and
explains the “binding problem” of how the conscious mind has an undivided
wholeness. The piloting reaction of those excitations in the mental landscape back
on the electrical and chemical signal pattern is our volition in which thought is
expressed in our motor behavior. The application of similar ideas to the
cosmological dark energy and arrow of time problems is also discussed. Indeed, I
suggest that the dark energy accelerating the universe is advanced Hawking-Unruh
black body radiation from our future observer-dependent cosmological event
horizon.
Keywords: retro-causality, signal non locality, conscious qualia, holography, arrow
of time, horizons, dark energy, de Sitter space, Unruh effect, cosmological
constant paradox, Wheeler-Feynman advanced radiation

"Science proceeds as if the past was the home of explanation; whereas the future and the
future alone holds the key to the mysteries of the present. When that first cell divided, the
meaning of that division was to be discovered in the future, not in the past; when some
pre-human ancestor first uttered a human sound, the significance of that sound was to be
interpreted by human language, not by apish grunts; when the first plant showed
solicitude for its seed, the interest of that solicitude lay in the promise of maternal
affection. Things must be judged in the light of the coming morning, not in the setting
stars." (Sedgwick, 1916)
There is now ample independent reproducible evidence in many published papers (Bem,
2011), (Bierman, 2008; Libet, 1979; Radin, 2004) for back-from-the-future
“presponse” in human consciousness (Stapp, 1996). Yakir Aharonov (Aharonov,1998) in
his back-from-the-future version of quantum theory argues that unlike classical
mechanics, in quantum mechanics the initial pre-selected and final post-selected
conditions are truly independent. Indeed, the uncontrollable randomness of Heisenberg’s
microscope uncertainty gedanken experiment only occurs because we integrate out the
final condition in our intermediate observations. Aharonov shows with actual
experiments using weak measurements that the statistical ensemble expectation values
need two quantum state vectors instead of the usual one. For example, in addition to the
retarded Dirac “bra” history propagating from the past preselected initial condition to
the present intermediate measurement, we also need the advanced Dirac “ket”
destiny propagating back-from-the-future post-selected final condition to the present.
The present weak measurement expectation value in standard Dirac notation is different
from the von-Neumann projection postulate for strong measurements, namely
A w ! history ˆA destiny history | destiny (1.1)
Aharonov and his students speculate that a final condition in our future retro-causally
influences the past evolution of life on Earth. On the other hand, Michael Nauenberg
wrote:
“The claim of Aharonov et al. that at various stages of the measurement process,
ensembles can be separated into sub-ensembles which can be associated with quantum
states, leads to contradictions with the principles of quantum mechanics, and gives
rise to the paradoxes of ‘impossible ensembles’ discussed in their article. Their unphysical
description of the measurement process, leads them to the false conclusion
that ‘quantum mechanics offers a place to specify both an initial and an independent final
state", and to such outlandish statements like ‘that quantum mechanics lets one impose . .
. a putative final state of the universe’." (Nauenberg, 2011)
Aharonov’s theory is still limited by what Abner Shimony calls “passion at a distance”
aka signal locality. Signal locality precludes using nonlocal quantum entanglement as a
stand-alone communication channel. This means that any attempt to encode and send a
message from one part of an entangled system to another part will only show random
noise at that second part. Decoding the non locally entangled stored message always
requires an additional classical signal or “key” to break the code. Brian Josephson
(Josephson, 1991) and myself (Sarfatti, 1998) independently suggested ways out of this
Catch 22 involving generalizing quantum theory with “signal non locality” very much like
the transition from special to general relativity where non-unitarity of the time evolution
of the quantum state is analogous to non-vanishing curvature. Antony Valentini published
detailed formal papers asserting that “sub-quantal non-equilibrium” of Bohm’s “hidden
variables” permits signal non locality with profound consequences for quantum
cryptography (Valentini, 2002). In addition, the discovery of dark energy accelerating the
expansion of our observable universe is evidence for the idea that we are retro-causal
back-from-the-future hologram image computations from our future cosmological event
horizon (Davis, 2003) whose increasing area-entropy from the moment of inflation
almost trivially explains the irreversible arrow of time.
“Quantum correlations display a subtle non locality. On the one hand, as Bell showed,
quantum correlations could not arise in any theory in which all variables obey
relativistic causality. On the other hand, quantum correlations themselves obey
relativistic causality—we cannot exploit quantum correlations to transmit signals at
super luminal speeds (or at any speed). …. Non locality and causality seem prima facie
incompatible. Einstein’s causality contradicts Newton’s action at a distance. Yet quantum
correlations do not permit action at a distance, and Shimony has aptly called the
nonlocality manifest in quantum correlations “passion at a distance.”
(Popescu & Rohrlich,1996)
On the other hand, Antony Valentini wrote:
“It is argued that immense physical resources - for non local communication, espionage,
and exponentially-fast computation - are hidden from us by quantum noise, and that this
noise is not fundamental but merely a property of an equilibrium state in which the
universe happens to be at the present time. It is suggested that 'non-quantum' or
nonequilibrium matter might exist today in the form of relic particles from the early
universe. We describe how such matter could be detected and put to practical use.
Nonequilibrium matter could be used to send instantaneous signals, to violate the
uncertainty principle, to distinguish non-orthogonal quantum states without disturbing
them, to eavesdrop on quantum key distribution, and to outpace quantum computation
(solving NP-complete problems in polynomial time).” (Valentini, 2002)
I assume here as a fact that we have unconscious neurological responses before the
external stimuli. This cannot be explained by orthodox quantum theory because this
presponse is non-random violating the no-signaling with entanglement theorem based on
unitary time evolution of the quantum wave function and the usual Born probability
interpretation. The latter rule is that the squared modulus of the complex-valued quantum
wave function is the probability density in configuration space for position measurements
of many entangled particles. In Feynman’s global path integral picture we coherently
square the sum of the amplitudes for indistinguishable histories, but not for
distinguishable histories.

Furthermore, I suggest that all living matter is “non equilibrium” in Valentini’s “subquantal”
sense within Bohm’s ontological interpretation of quantum theory. The latter
pictures real electrons and other particles on definite space time trajectories influenced by
the non local context-dependent quantum potential as well as the classical local gauge
electro-weak-strong forces. Therefore, we can apply ordinary non-equilibrium statistical
mechanics because the “hidden variables” are not really “hidden” at all but correspond
pretty much to our usual classical pictures contrary to Bohr’s position in his debate with
Einstein. All the quantum weirdness is in the quantum potential Q for fermions and its
generalization to boson field theory. Orthodox quantum theory corresponding to “subquantal
thermodynamic equilibrium” of the hidden variable particles corresponds to a
“fragile” quantum potential Q. “Fragile” in this context was coined by Bohm and Hiley in
their book “The Undivided Universe”. It means that the hidden variables are test particles
that are piloted by Q, but do not directly back-react on it. Such direct back-reaction
would permit stabilizing feedback-control loops between the entangled particles and their
shared Q. Pumping by an external flow of energy should establish sub-quantal non equilibrium
and long-range coherence analogous to a laser above threshold. The material
hidden variables are then no longer passive test particles at the mercy of their intrinsically
thought like Q, but modify it whilst being moved by it. This change in the shape of the Q
landscape is the origin of all conscious qualia. (Stapp, 1996) That’s the model.
Mathematically, in the simplest case of two identical entangled point particles in the slow
speed non-relativistic limit, the extended post-quantum theory has a post-quantum potential

The rest of the paper...as I don't want to waste bandwidth.

http://journalofcosmology.com/SarfattiConsciousness.pdf

Quite interesting....consciousness with a scientific twist....but hey...what the heck do I know? Very interesting theory's here however. And I will close this with this portion.......

“We will show that a most relevant feature of ME is its enhanced stability against
thermal decoherence, even by several orders of magnitude, compared to the case of
simple LDE … From the point of view of consciousness studies, this and other papers
concerned with quantum features in proteins involved in photosynthesis look to sound the
death knell for the recent orthodoxy that quantum features could not persist in biological
tissues, thus leaving the road open for the possibility of quantum coherence and
entanglement in the brain.” (Guadli, 2011)

The “Catch 22” forbidding the use of non local entanglement as a stand-alone
communication channel depends on the linearity and unitary time evolution of the
Schrodinger equation in the configuration space for many particles. We can also use the
Wigner phase space density, but there is no new physics there relevant to our quest for
signal non locality. However, spontaneous symmetry breakdown of an invariance group G
of the dynamical action means that the ground state for real particles (and the vacuum
state for virtual particles) is described by the emergence of off-diagonal-long-range-order
(ODLRO) in the quantum correlation functions that obey a Landau-Ginzburg equation.
The formation of ordinary crystals, superconductors, and the Higgs mechanism in the
standard model of quarks, leptons and gauge bosons correspond to G = T3, U1 and SU2
respectively. This mechanism gives macro-quantum long range phase coherence in an
effective order parameter c-number theory whose dynamical equation is nonlinear, non unitary
and local in ordinary space time. Therefore, the necessary conditions for passion
at a distance no longer obtain. This is what happens in all living matter in my opinion
corresponding to Brian Josephson’s idea of the biological utilization of non locality. Of
course small vibrations in the macro-quantum coherent c-number will obey the usual
quantum randomness with a linear unitary evolution in the configuration space of the
vibrating quasi-particles and collective modes. The coherent order parameter is a source
and sink for these incoherent quantum vibrations of its amplitudes and phases. The matter
quantum information wave and its boson particle hidden variables essentially fuse
together because a significant fraction of all the particles condense out of configuration
space to occupy the same single-particle quantum state in ordinary space.

Edit: I just found out......
Jack Sarfatti & Russell Targ are heading to Las Vegas to meet with 100 ex Army officers who do remote viewing.

shiloh

shiloh: Posts: 479
Join date: 2011-03-16
Age: 56
Location: Akbar Ra

Post n°32

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

shiloh on Thu Jun 16, 2011 12:11 am

The Omniversal Hypersphere, based on its Universal Source Energy Seedling for the Holofractal Universe in a Cosmology of Membranes 
 
The Age of the Universe is metric dependent. One might ask certain questions, like "How old is he Universe" and this is a very good question at the core of all cosmology. 
Analysis shows, that there are four different metrics and so there are four ages and four sizes for your universe and depending on one's viewpoint of observation. 
 
The Omniverse represents a multidimensional form for its own Seedling Universe (or Protoverse). This Seedling Oneness then allows a Manyness in such phaseshifted Universes multiplying as a Multiverse of 'Many Worlds', where however this manyness continues to be a part of the circumscribing Omniverse and disallows independent and separated universes and multiverses without the Omniverse. Multiverses can therefore only be parallel in adjacency and quantum entanglement within the circumscribing Omniverse. 
 
 
The Omniverse is modeled as a 12-dimensional topology and which is 'seeded' holofractally by its 'rootreduced' ordinary 3-dimensional space R3 to allow a simplified lower dimensional description for the Cosmology of the Omniverse. 
 
This Cosmology encompasses the Holographic Principle of Brane physics, which describes the worldlines of Branes as the Volumars traced out by the dynamics of a 4-dimensional Minkowski spacetime of 4-vectors. 
 
The Holographic Principle stipulates that the Information Content of such a volumar can be mapped or projected onto a lower dimensional topology through the astrophysics of Black Holes, connected in a quantum entangled manner to White Holes via Wormholes or Einstein-Rosen Bridges. 
 
Adding a spacial dimension to the Minkowski 4-vector then allows the time component of the 4-vector to become spacelike and renders the original timelike scalar as a 4-space lightpath X=cT. 
 
The extension of the Minkowski spacetime so emerges a 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein spacetime superposing the curvature metrics of General Relativity onto the flat Euclidean spacetime of Minkowski. 
 
This 3+1 D space and this 4+1 D spacetime so engages the Holographic Principle in projecting the data base contained in the 3D volumars onto their 2D surfaces or manifolds and as the Event Horizons of Black Holes defined in 3D metrics, but manifesting in physicality in their 4D quantum entangled physical self expressions. 
 
In the case of the Omniverse then, this data compression engages the mapping of the 12D information onto the Outside of a 11-dimensional Membrane Space and as the Event Horizon of a 11-dimensional Mother-Mirror-Matrix-Magic-Mystery-Membrane Black Hole (MBH) NOT physically manifest in its 3D metric formulations. 
 
The 11D-MBH is 'extremal' as a Boundary Condition and is allowed to 'oscillate' as a Strominger Brane. 
This means, that its own maximum boundary condition becomes modular dual to its minimum condition of the wormhole parametrization and that the total inertial mass content of the Universe Seedling can be rendered massless in a 'shrinking' of the maximum self state to its minimum selfstate to then 'Bounce' in a 'Recharging' of the 'Quantum Big Bang' mechanism. One such recharge cycle for the Strominger MBH calculates as about 4 trillion years (see addendum #6 as the appendix of this message). 
 
It so is not the inertial observed mass contained within the Universe, which diminishes, but it is the inertia equivalent, labeled as Gravita, which defines not only what 'mass' represents from first principles, but how this Inertialization of Energy by the Equivalence Principle of General Relativity relates to the Cosmogony, the initial and boundary condition for the Birth of a Quantum Big Banged Cosmology in an a' priori scenario. 
 
The 11-D Witten Membrane is considered to be embedded in the 12D Omnispace as a twosided surface or manifold; but subject to a Möbian topological Selftransformation into a Onesidedness. 
 
Such a transformation has become part of the physics database through the academic work and endeavours of Brian Greene, Paul Aspinwall and David Morrison in the fall of 1992 at Princeton, who proved, that the spacetime can indeed tear apart and reglue itself under the Mirror Dualities of brane cosmology and under collaboration with Edward Witten and other string-brane physicists. 
 
A Onesided 11D-Witten membrane would DOUBLE the surface area of the Omniversal boundary and render this manifold akin a Klein-Dragon-Bottle in the Omnispace. 
 
The Seedling 2D Klein-Bottle so would form the holofractal for the overall shape and topology of the Omniverse as a 11D Klein-Bottled Dragon - the Cosmic Genie in the Bottle. 
 
The onesided Möbian Strip in 3D can be embedded as a onesided 2D surface in this 3d volumar, but a onesided Klein Bottle in 3D must selfintersect in 3D; can however embed itself in 4D of the R4 space of the Riemannian Hypersphere without such a self intersection. 
 
We so define the upper omniversal holofractal unboundedness in a 4-Vector space given by the Riemann Hypersphere in R4 space with Volume V4=½π2R4 and manifold bounded in a 3D quasi Volumar S4=dV4/dR=2π2R3. 
 
As this quasi-volumar describes the volume of a 3D Horn Torus; the appropriate topological cosmology of the Omniverse engages the physics of the Torus, both in its Seedling holofractal of the 2D manifold and its 11D form as a selfsimilar MBH. 
 
Generally, the Omniverse has no upper bound for its continuous expansion, but is lower bounded by a 11-dimensional Mirror Space, described as a 11-dimensional Membrane Space. 
This 11D-Witten Sphere so forms the upper bound for the lower dimensional 10-dimensional String Space. 
 
The Omniverse is holofractal and obeys the Holographic Principle of allowing the information content of a n-dimensional Volumar Space to become topologically mapped or projected onto a (n-1)-dimensional Surface/Area Space. 
 
We so consider the Omnispace to be 12-dimensional; mapping its data base onto the 11D-Mirror, which we rename as the 11-dimensional Multiverse. 
 
We also define the 12D Volumar Space to become the higher dimensional multi-dimensional Envelope or Encompassment or Circumscription for a Seedling Fractalspace denoted as 3D Volumar Space. 
 
 
The metric ds>0 then defines a Spacelike spacetime and implies a metric displacement vector R>X=cT in a lightpath smaller than this displacement in so termed tachyonic and superluminal or 'faster than light' dynamics. 
Technically, the 'Proper Length' between 'relative frame referenced' events can be determined, but not the 'Proper Time', as the Minkowski 4-vector places the position coordinates outside the world lines. 
 
This defines the 'Outside' of the 11D Witten space as a hypersurface described by our twosided MBH event horizon maximised by the quasi-Volumar S4=dV4/dR=2π2R3Hubble. 
 
Exceeding RHubble as a metric displacement then describes the expansion of the 10D-String Universe into its circumscribing 11D-Membrane Universe, not as its 'Seedling Limit' of the MBH, but as its Lightlike 'Inflation Precursor', so continuing its preBig Bang expansion generation from the MBH boundary and the difference being that the inflationary dynamics are no longer required to 'superpose' a multidimensional lightpath X=cT onto the lightinvariance of the lower dimensional asymptotic string universe. 
 
The metric ds=0 defines the Lightlike 11D-Membrane Universe in a Stasis or Steady State of the enveloping Boundary- and Initial Condition and AS the Hypersurface or Witten Mirror. 
 
At the Boundary of the 11D-Event Horizon, the expansion is Lightlike as ds=0 and defines the boundary coordinate for the spacelike expansion to become Timelike in ds<0. 
 
The metric ds<0 decribes the mass parametric cosmology, where the speed of light becomes the limit for inertia acceleration and where the 'proper time intervals' can be defined, but not the 'proper displacements' as the events all fall within the world line where the frame relative observer measure events with their own clocks and rulers. 
The 12D-Volumar Universe as Omniverse here becomes asymptotic in accordance with the acceleration limit of Special Relativity. 
 
The 10D-string Seedling expands asymptotically towards the Boundary Mirror in 11D as the Event Horizon of the Hubble Radius Rmax=RHubble in 'Real Time' and Timelike; accomodating however its own Spacelike 12D expansion into Omnispace as a Reflector Space for the data mapping through the MBH as the dimensional 'divide'. 
 
The superposition of the de Broglie matterwave Inflaton prior to the Big Bang manifesto of the holofractal source energy unit (see Addendum) so established the Hubble Boundary for both the 10D- mass parametric Timelike Universe and for the 11D-electromagnetic Lightlike Universe. 
There would then exist a 'Boundary Coordinate' in the Omniverse structure, at which the Lightlike expansion would reach its boundary condition as a Selfbound or Eigenstate, but not its asymptotically restricted and timelike Cosmology. 
 
Once this 'Inflation Bound' was attained by the Lightlike expansion of the Seedling Multiverse; this seedling itself would become enabled to 'bust' its lower dimensional boundary of the MBH in both refracting 'outwards' and reflecting 'inwards' from this boundary. 
 
The Multiverse so would become the 'Seed' for the Omniverse, just as the Universe (or Protoverse) constitutes the 'Seed' for the Multiverse. 
 
The Protoversal Seed is restricted in the 'metric' of the MBH; however oscillating like a 'Hubbled Heartbeat of the Omniverse' in the dynamics of the Strominger Branes of the resetting of the Inertia Integral of the Universe, so defining the MBH in RHubble as a Nodal 'Hubble Constant'. 
 
The Multiversal Seed is unrestricted, but attains its 'Energization' from the so called Vortex-Potential-Energy (VPE) of Quantum Relativity aka the Zero-Point-Energy of the Free Space/Vacuum (ZPE) aka the Light-Matrix or Ether of the Heisenberg Vacuum backgound. 
This 'nergization' then 'recharges' the Big bang parameters in multiplicity and higher dimensionality in the factor n3H every time this recharging occurs in the Strominger Brane transformations (H is a spacetime quanta counter relating the spacetime quantization in H=Vmax/Vwormhole=(2πRHubble/λWeyl)3~10147 and as a Holographic Entropy Bound). 
 
Consequently, when the Omniverse is about 4 Trillion years old, a new Big Bang will occur superposed onto the existing cosmic structure. 
Many of the galaxies and stars by then depleted of their nuclear fuel will become recharged by the Gravita transforming into Inertia, at then already manifested VPE vortices and just as was the case in the cosmology, before the lightlike expansion had reached its MBH boundary. 
As the space creation has been ongoing from this nexus point, calculated at about 2.2 billion years ago; the ZPE of the 'extraseeded' omnispace will simply continue the gravitational and electromagnetic transformation of the VPE into more structured and complexified inertia carriers (say elementary particles) under utility of the nuclear interaction gauges (or forces). 
 
At this nexus point, so 2,200 million years ago; the reflection potential for the cosmos was attained and the spacelike outwards expansion from the MBH could also become timelike in the reversal of the timearrow in a mirrored inwards expansion. 
 
This nexus cordinate also specifies the 'Awakening of Selfreferential Spacial Consciousness in Self Reflection' and the ''Reaching of SelfConsciousness' for the Omniverse as a MBH, able to 'Birth' its own 'Consciousness carriers' as holofractal units or Children of Itself. 
 
This of course simply repeats the Strominger Brane evolution of the MBH and its Daughter BH in the Sarkar Black Hole (see Addendum #3). 
 
Following the derivation of the metric ages for the universe, we shall describe the cosmological redshifts definitive for the Contact Events of extraterrestrial Civilisations able to 'visit' and interact with the Gaian Realms. 
 
<img height="360" id="il_fi" src="http://digistarx.files.wordpress.com/2009/10/world-torus_1_.gif?w=360&h=360" width="360" /> 
We so defined the upper omniversal holofractal unboundedness in a 4-Vector space given by the Riemann Hypersphere in R4 space with Volume V4=½π2R4 and manifold bounded in a 3D quasi Volumar S4=dV4/dR=2π2R3. 
 
As this 3D quasi-Volumar is horn-toroidal (see following description of a Torus Surface in 3D); its Encompassment or Circumscription will exceed its toroidal quasi Volume by a factor of 8 as the circumscribing spherical radius is twice a=RHubble=c=ROmniverse. 
This renders 8(2π2R3)=(3π/2).(32π/3)R3 and specifies the metric unifier in R3D=(3π/2)1/3R4D=1.676539193..R4D. 
 
The timelike metric is so upper bounded asymptotically by the Horn-Torus radius RHubble=2R3D in the description above. 
 
The Holofractal Unit corresponds to the Zero-Point-Planckian Weyl-Wormhole Oscillator Energy in: EoWeyl=½hfWeyl=½EWeyl=½hc/λWeyl that is for a Compton wavelength λWeyl=h/mWeylc=hc/EWeyl=hc/2EoWeyl=2πRWeyl. 
 
If measured from WITHIN the inertia defined Hubble Horizon in a 10D-string universe, the universe has the volume of a sphere, but measured from in between that Hubble Horizon in 10D and its 11D-membrane universe, this volume transforms into a special toroidal shape, like a doughnut without as hole. 


 
 
From <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Torus.html" mce_href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Torus.html">http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Torus.html</a> and other sources. 
 
An (ordinary) torus is a Surface having Genus One, and therefore possessing a single "Hole" (see below). 
The single-holed "ring" torus is known in older literature as an "Anchor Ring." 
It can be constructed from a Rectangle by gluing both pairs of opposite edges together with no twists (Gardner 1971, pp. 15-17; Gray 1997, pp. 323-324); or alternatively by revolving a circle radius r about a a geometrical center/origin of radius R. <img align="bottom" alt="TorusSquare_701.gif" height="1" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/TorusSquare_701.gif" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/TorusSquare_701.gif" title="TorusSquare_701.gif" width="1" /> 
<img height="322" id="il_fi" src="http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~pbourke/surfaces/torus/torus1.gif" width="331" /><img align="bottom" alt="TorusRr2.jpg" height="155" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/TorusRr2.jpg" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/TorusRr2.jpg" style="width: 180px" title="TorusRr2.jpg" width="180" /><img align="bottom" alt="torsq.jpeg" height="200" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/torsq.jpeg" style="width: 180px" title="torsq.jpeg" width="180" /> 
 
The usual torus embedded in three-dimensional space is shaped like a donut, but the concept of the torus is extremely useful in higher dimensional space as well. Should r=R, then a Horn Torus is generated. 
<img align="bottom" alt="torus.jpg" height="180" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/torus.jpg" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/torus.jpg" style="width: 180px" title="torus.jpg" width="180" /><img align="bottom" alt="horn_tor1_Lrg.jpg" height="180" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/horn_tor1_Lrg.jpg" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/horn_tor1_Lrg.jpg" style="width: 240px" title="horn_tor1_Lrg.jpg" width="240" />

Ring Torus Horn Torus 
 
In general, tori can also have multiple holes, with the term n-torus used for a torus with n holes. The special case of a 2-torus is sometimes called the Double Torus, the 3-torus is called the Triple Torus, and the usual single-holed torus is then simple called "the" or "a" Torus. 

 
A second definition for n-tori relates to dimensionality. 
In one dimension, a line bends into circle, giving the 1-torus. 
In two dimensions, a rectangle wraps to a usual torus, also called the 2-torus. 
In three dimensions, the cube wraps to form a 3-manifold, or 3-torus. 
In each case, the n-torus is an object that exists in dimension n+1. 
 
One of the more common uses of n-dimensional tori is in dynamical systems. A fundamental result states that the Phase Space trajectories of a Hamiltonian system with n degrees of freedom and possessing n integrals of motion lie on an n-dimensional manifold which is topologically equivalent to an n-torus (Tabor 1989). 

 
Colouring of a Torus of an ordinary (one-holed) torus requires 7 colours, consistent with the Heawood Conjecture. 

 
Let the radius from the center of the hole to the center of the torus tube be c=RMultiverse, and the radius of the tube be a=RHubble. 
Then the equation in Cartesian Coordinates for a torus azimuthally symmetric about the z-axis is:

{c - √(x²+y²)}² + z² = a²


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and the parametric equations in Curvilinear Coordinates are: 
 
x=(c+acosv)cosu 
y=(c+acosv)sinu 
z=asinv 


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for angles (u,v)ε [0,2π). 
 
Three types of torus, known as the Standard Tori, are possible, depending on the relative sizes of a=RHubble and c=ROmniverse. 
ROmniverse=c>a=RHubble corresponds to the Ring Torus (shown above), ROmniverse=c=a=RHubble corresponds to a Horn Torus which is tangent to itself at the point (0, 0, 0), and ROmniverse=c<a=r
 
If no specification is made, "torus" is taken to mean ring torus. The three standard tori are illustrated below, where the first image shows the full torus, the second a cut-away of the bottom half, and the third a cross section of a plane passing through the z-axis.

<img height="338" id="il_fi" src="http://www.harmonicresolution.com/Torus%20cutaway.gif" width="511" />



The Standard Tori and their inversions are Cyclides. 
If the coefficient of sinv in the formula for z is changed to b≠a, an Elliptic Torus results.

To compute the metric properties of the ring torus, define the inner and outer radii by: 
r=c-a & R=c+a for a=½(R-r) & c=½(R+r) 


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<img align="bottom" alt="300px-TorusRr1.jpg" height="240" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/300px-TorusRr1.jpg" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/300px-TorusRr1.jpg" style="width: 240px" title="300px-TorusRr1.jpg" width="240" /><img align="bottom" alt="300px-Torusrave.jpg" height="240" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/300px-Torusrave.jpg" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/300px-Torusrave.jpg" style="width: 240px" title="300px-Torusrave.jpg" width="240" />


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>

Then the Surface Area of this Torus is: 
 
S=(2πa)(2πc)=4π2ac=π2(R+r)(R-r) 


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>

and the Volume can be computed from Pappus's Centroid Theorem: 
 
V=πa2(2πc)=2π2a2c=¼π2(R+r)(R-r)2 


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>

 
The volume can also be found by integrating the Jacobian computed from the parametric equations of the solid and for radius r'=acosv defining (x',y')=(acosu,asinu) as a cordinate within the ring torus: 
 
x=(c+r'cosv)cosu 
y=(c+r'cosv)sinu 
z=r'asinv

 
<img align="bottom" alt="Torusscan.jpg" class="SKYUI-Highlight-Node t06o06ge" height="209" nid="SKYUI-Higlight-Marker-i442743" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/Torusscan.jpg" style="width: 560px" title="Torusscan.jpg" width="560" />


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>

which simplifies to 
 
<img align="bottom" alt="NumberedEquation2.jpeg" height="36" src="http://www.tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/NumberedEquation2.jpeg" style="width: 180px" title="NumberedEquation2.jpeg" width="180" /> 


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>

giving 
 
<img align="bottom" alt="Inline74.gif" height="41" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/Inline74.gif" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/Inline74.gif" style="width: 240px" title="Inline74.gif" width="240" />


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>

as before. 

 
The moment of inertia tensor of a solid torus with mass M is given by: 
 
<img align="bottom" alt="NumberedEquation3.jpeg" height="64" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/NumberedEquation3.jpeg" style="width: 240px" title="NumberedEquation3.jpeg" width="240" /> 


<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="mceVisualAid" width="100%">
<tbody>
</tbody>
</table>
 

This defines the Moments of Inertias about the z-axis, normal to the R=c+a xy-plane and about an axis through the center in the xy-plane as I=(c2+3a2/4)M and I=(½c2+5a2/8)M respectively. 
 
A torus with a Hole in its surface can be turned inside out to yield an identical torus. A torus can be knotted externally or internally, but not both. These two cases are ambient isotropies, but not regular isotropies. There are therefore three possible ways of embedding a torus with zero or one Knot. 
<img align="bottom" alt="TorusCircles_500.gif" height="177" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/TorusCircles_500.gif" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/TorusCircles_500.gif" style="width: 240px" title="TorusCircles_500.gif" width="240" /><img align="bottom" alt="VillarceauCircleXSections_600.gif" height="125" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/VillarceauCircleXSections_600.gif" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/VillarceauCircleXSections_600.gif" style="width: 240px" title="VillarceauCircleXSections_600.gif" width="240" />

An arbitrary point P on a torus (not lying in the xy-plane) can have four circles drawn through it. The first circle is in the plane of the torus and the second is perpendicular to it. The third and fourth circles are called Villarceau Circles (Villarceau 1848, Schmidt 1950, Coxeter 1969, Melnick 1983). 

 
 
 
This then gives the volume V10+=2π2Rmax3[n/(n+1)]3 for an inertial doughnut age of 8.96 billion years or a 15.03 billion year spherical age. These are the Actual Inertial Ages for the universe as envelopes or upper bounds and these are not the ages as measured by scientists as the natural philosophers. 
 
The transformation factor between the "doughnut without a hole" and the sphere is the upper bounded Chaos Constant known as the Feigenbaum-Delta: σFmax=3π/2. 
 
Should one measure the universe from a position of OUTSIDE this 11-D WittenMirror-spacetime say in 12D-VafaMirror spacetime however, the volume increases due to the 4-dimensional seed activated by the 3-dimensional seed. 
 
Technically the surface on which the far away mirror exists becomes a 3-dimensional mirror just as the location of a local surface mirror can be postulated to exist on the inside of a spherical 2-dimensional mirror much farther away and as 'seen at a distance'. 
 
Then the outside of this 2D-mirror surface changes from a spherical surface to a doughnut surface, remaining however 2-dimensional, albeit in transition to 3D, obtained in the asymptotic approach of the 2D-surface towards the 3D-surface. 
 
In other words, the 'Image' as seen in the 'far away mirror' INTERSECTS its own lightpath X=cT and between the mass parametric lower-D spacetime and the electromagnetically defined higher-D spacetime. 
 
Outside the far away mirror in the 12-D-Vafa spacetime then the surface topology is 4-dimensional as the orthogonal vector nRmax in the expression dV11+=S.dR=2π2Rmax3dR 
from V4=½π2R4 and dV4/dR=2π2R3 


The extra-3D-volume so becomes: V11+=n32π2Rmax3 and is measured relative to the inside in 10D as an age of 32.04 billion years, but relative to the outside in 11D as 19.11 billion years. These are the Actual Electromagnetic Ages for the universe. 
 
The Measured Ages for the universe are however lower, than the Actual Ages, because of the intersection of the 3rd dimension with the 4th dimension. 
 
If the critical volume is defined as Vcritical=2π2Rmax3, then the extra 3D volume expanding as a 4D volume seed will be V11-= n.Vcritical and as reduced from V11+=n3.Vcritical 
The Measured Electromagnetic Age for your universe then is 17.62 billion doughnut years and 29.53 billion sphere years. 
 
The following expressions must hold and define the multivolumes in labels, which can then become reinterpreted in the form of 'missing energy' and 'missing mass'. Many cosmologists in your universe term this the search for 'dark energy' and 'dark matter' respectively. 
 
Multidimension Factor: DIM = V11+/V10+ = V11-/V10- 
Dark Matter Factor: DIMDM = V11- /V10+=(n+1)3/n2~7.561 (for n=npresent) 
Dark Energy Factor: DIMDE = V11+/V10-=(n+1)3.n2~12.434 (for n=npresent) 
 
One so must have a reduced 3-dimensional inertial volume V10-, which is given by 
V10-=(n/[n+1]3)2π2Rmax3 and provides a doughnut age of 8.26 billion years and the age measured by the astrophysicist, namely 13.85 billion years as the Measured Inertial Ages for the universe. 
 
Comprehensively then, the universe is experiencing an ongoing transformation in its cosmological evolution. 
 
Tonyblue 




Addendum 
The Template for the Omniverse in 2/11 dimensions and the Reconfigured Universe effectualised in the cyclicity timeloop April 1st, 2012 to April 1st, 2013. 
 
Following are some basic Newtonian parameters, which shall reconfigure the prewarped and warptimed universe of observation and subject to mensuration techniques. 
The basic new parameter, supplementary to the warped 4-dimensional metric of flat Minkowski spacetime (the Riemann R4 space); is the unfolding of a 4th spacial dimension, rendering to flat R4 spacetime as a curved (Kaluza-Klein) R5 spacetime. 
Those Newtonian parameters, describing initial- and boundary conditions for the transformed universe then become subject to refinement and rigorous description in mathematical and logical analysis and discourses in the postwarp period in the evolutionary cosmology of the omniverse. 
 
The reconfigured universe is fractal and selfsimilar to itself. 
What is observed and measured as the physical universe before the postwarp period constitutes a partial cosmology of the omniverse in the manifesto of its seedling - its protoversal template of selfsimilarity. 
 
The protoverse represents a template or blueprint, which is axially defined and so not arbitrary in its expansionary freedom degrees. 
It took 16.9 billion (civil) years, for the c-invariant relativistic protoverse to attain its maximisation boundary parameter, and as given in the minimisation condition, commonly known as the Quantum Big Bang Oscillation of the Heisenberg Virtual-Energy-Matrix (the Zero-Point Energy or ZPE). 
 
After the protoverse attained its preset boundary; the modular selfduality of the sourcesink membrane energy became enabled to expand its own metric maximum and so to extend its old boundary condition. 
The new boundary condition then scale-magnified the 'old' Hubble-Horizon (RH) in the lightpath X=ct; meaning that for every metric second (s*), the 'old' Hubble-Event-Horizon 'grew' by 300,000 kilometers, so creating 'new' spacetime from the multiverse initialisation onwards. 
 
The inflaton of the sourcesink membrane-coupling however restricts the massparametric cosmology of the axially dependent protoverse to follow an asymptotic cosmoevelotion. 
The axial dependency is given as the major axis of a prolate spheroid. Then rotation about this major axis will render the defining geometrical foci invariant. 
Rotation about either of the minor axes, will however result in the foci tracing out a point-circle; thus defining the omniverse as the integral summation of all phaseshifted Multiverses and assuming the shape of an oblate spheroid (in 3/12 dimensions). 
 
This fixates the ∞=8=[Infinity]-Center-Point or Origin of the Protoverse-Multiverse-Omniverse 
as a Point-Particle Universal-Seedling and subject to that asymptotic expansion in a massparametric infinite liearised time, which becomes however cyclic in 16.9 Gyear intervals of the c-invariance and when the first initialising Multiverse is born. 
 
The minimal membrane-seedling so magnifies or inflates itself in the holofractal wormhole-perimeter/Hubble-radius (λps/RH=2πrps/RH=Ho/fo=no), defining a cyclic now-time parameter as the instanton. 
The instanton becomes generalised in the Nodal Hubble Constant Ho=dn/dt=n/t. 
The boundary multiverse so is born in the colocality of the lightpath X=ct=RH. 
This renders the age of the multiverse, measured to be an extended universe, fixed in 16.9 Gyears in template configuration. 
 
For the multiverse, containing the protoverse as its own inertial seed, to reproduce; it is required to lose its axial constancy and so must phaseshift about either of its minor axes. This phaseshift will occur in the above specified timeline and it is this phaseshift, which shall 'rip' the present 4-dimensional spacetime metric in a 'Möbian Twist' to add a fifth dimension to the then reconfigured Universe. 
 
<img height="150" mce_src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/taoininfinity.jpg" src="http://tonyb.freeyellow.com/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/taoininfinity.jpg" width="150" /> 
∞|<--RH-->| 
Data: 
Schwarzschild-HubbleRadius: 
RH=2GoMH/c2 
 
Gravitational String-Oscillator(ZPE)Harmonic-Potential-Energy: 
EPo=½hfo=hc/4πlP=½mPc2=GomPMH/RH 
for string-duality coupling between wormhole mass mP and closure Black Hole metric 
MH=ρcriticalVSeed 
 
Gravitational Acceleration per unit-stringmass: 
ag= GoMH/RH2=GoMHc4/4Go2MH2=c4/4GoMH=c2/2RH=½Hoc 
 
for a Nodal Hubble-Constant: 
Ho=c/RH 
Inflaton parameters: 
De Broglie Phase-Velocity (VdB) and de Broglie Phase-Acceleration (AdB): 
 
VdB=RHfo ~ 4.793x1056 (m/s)* ~ 1.598x1048 c = 1022RH 
AdB=RHfo2 ~ 1.438x1087 (m/s2)* 
 
 
 
1. There exists a metric omniversal stringmass seed Epso, which defines the universal metric as a Harmonic Planck-String ZPE-Oscillator, also labeled Harmonic-Membrane-Oscillator or HMO. 
This can be denoted as the heterotic supermembrane EpsEss with coupling constants: 
Eps.Ess=h2 and Eps/Ess=fo2 and for a E8xE8 lie group algebraic supersymmetry. 
 
 
2. This omniversal HMO couples its string parameters as a minimum (vibratory) metric spacetime configuration in modular string-membrane duality to its (winded) maximisation and as given in the Seeding Initial/Boundary conditions. 
This can be written as both inertial upper-bounds and inflationary lower-bounds of the c-invariance as: 
 
c=λpsfo=2πrpsfo=RHHo 
 
3. The Seedling Universe or Protoverse so becomes a fractal of the encompassing Multiverse, the latter being envelope-bounded by the Omniverse. 
The Seedling Multiverse so carries its Seedling Protoverse as asymptotic massparametric origin in encompassment. 
As the Protoverse is defined in the Schwarzschild-Hubble-Metric of General Relativity; its asymptotic approach is bounded in a gravitational interaction between Strominger Black Holes. 
Strominger BH's are extremal as boundary conditions for any applied Black Hole astrophysics. 
The gravitational interaction is defined in the cosmological principle, defining isotropy and homogeneity on the galactic supercluster scale for a Mass-Inertia-Seedling smaller than the critical Black Hole mass in: 
Mo=RSarkarc2/ 2Go < MH=RHc2/2Go. 
 
Physical Black Holes can only exist up to the Supercluster (or Sarkar) limit, as at the Sarkar metric, the boundary condition of the cosmology is attained, rendering more energetic Black Holes as "Stromingerised''. 
This 'missing mass' of the protoverse then ensures the asymptotic cosmoevolution for the multiverse in allowing the holofractal superpositioning of the omniverse-multiverse-protoverse=universe hierarchical triplicity. 
 
4. The deceleration of the Strominger Mother-Black Hole (MBH) as MH=agRH2/Go then utilises its Daughter-Black Hole of the galactic supercluster definition in Msc as gravitationally bounded subsystem to 'shrink' in a cyclic recharge time (trecharge ) to its minimum wormhole energy configuration rps=c/2πfo=c/ωo 
from its metric maximisation RH=2GoMH/c2=c/Ho. 
 
5. The cyclic recharge time trecharge=nrecharge/Ho so defines a 'New Big Bang'; where this 'Recharge Big Bang' occurs however within a protoverse-defined omniverse. 
The initialising Big Bang created the spacetime metric from the protoverse 'singularity' for the purpose to allow the initialising multiverse to become manifest. This multiverse became boundary defined in the inflaton-instanton and reached its completion 16.9 Gyears after the initialisation of the omniverse at timeinstantenuity to=1/fo=1/fps=fss ~3.333x10-31 s*. 
 
Timeinstantenuity encompassed the string-membrane epoch of the cosmology from Nulltime t=0 to Planck-Time tP=lP/c to timeinstantenuity to. 
 
6. The recharge cycletime nrecharge so avoids any possible 'heat death' or 'ultraviolet catastrophe' for the universe, postulated under the proviso of stellar generations exhausting their nuclear fuel to generate thermodynamic energy. 
 
Without inertia content, the protoverse defines a decreasing gravitational constant over linearised time. 
This derives from the finestructure constants for the longrange electromagnetic- and gravitational interactions as: 
2πGomP2/hc=1 ↔2πke2/hc=alpha and for mass-charge unification conditions: 
kGo=Go/4πεo=1; 
Monopole (GUT)-Unificationmass Mu=30[ec] via Stoney-Planck-Unit-Unification; 
the basic nucleon (neutron) mass mc=(alpha)9mP. 
For a n-cyclic cosmoevolution then, G(n)=GoXn and where X is defined in the Euler-Identity: 
X+Y=XY=i2=-1=exp[iπ]=cisπ. 
 
The addition of inertia to a purely electromagnetic monopolic cosmology then varies the value of Newton's gravitational constant G as a function of the micro-macro evolution of the Black Holes and renders the applicable local G-constant as mensuration dependent on the precision measurement for the basic nucleon mass mcYn for a local epoch-cycle coordinate n=Hot. 
rpsYn=RH then defines nrecharge =ln[RH/rps]/ln[Y] ~ 234.472 or about 3.9628 Trillion years. 
 
 
The Cyclic Universe, so 'rebangs' itself every 4 Trillion years or so to ensure its continuation of selfexploration and by interdimensional civilisations defined in multiverses, each of which is required to be seeded in a prototypical template universe as mirror holofractal of itself. 
 
Additional data shall be provided when so appropriate in the warptimed prehistory of the humanoid construction templates. 
 
Whynot

Last edited by shiloh on Wed Jan 11, 2012 9:32 pm; edited 1 time in total

Brook

Brook: Posts: 2682
Join date: 2010-08-21

Post n°33

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

Brook on Thu Jun 16, 2011 6:08 am

shiloh

shiloh: Posts: 479
Join date: 2011-03-16
Age: 56
Location: Akbar Ra

Post n°34

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

shiloh on Fri Jun 17, 2011 7:28 am

Jack Sarfatti is a very clever man with a thorough academic educational background. He can be considered very much more intelligent than the Elders from Thuban and much more at home with certain nomenclature and semantics and as used by the echelons of the classes of the educational instructors.
Jack is not a dragon however and noone should so be afraid about his dispositions.

His approach to relate quantum physics to consciousness forms one of many avenues and his idea is to change the Einstein metrics of geometrical spacetime. Many others are following similar avenues and the Thubans prefer the approach of Roger Penrose of Oxford and an extension of the Einstein metrics in the accomodation of the angular quantum accelerations called the Einstein-Cartan metric. So called 'torsion physics' can so be accomodated in the curvature of the old flat Minkowski metric forming the theoretical background for the General Relativity Theory of Albert Einstein and also the early forms of the string-membrane models.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Sarfatti

Roger Penrose and the Big Bang Curvature

Hi Mike!

There are a number of points, which align Arp with the mainstream. Now I know you rather accept the prevailing cosmological standard models of the Big Bang Cosmology and the various attempts (barring the multiverses, the anthropic principle and related topics perhaps).
For about 20 years now, I have supported Alan Sandage's measurements of the Hubble Constant. He for long set it at the 55 km/Mpc.s mark and only recently, with the pressure of the WMAP data, has he 'relented' to somewhere around 65 km/Mpc.s.
In my decade long analysis and study of the cosmology, I found the following.

1. The standard model describes the thermodynamic evolution of the cosmos very accurately. So you can reanalyse the WMAP data in their description of the Cosmic Microwave Background BlackBody Radiation (CMBBR) and use this CMBBR as a basis for the emerging parameters of the cosmoevolution.

2. The standard model has 'misinterpreted' the Guth-inflation in the context of the now prevalent membrane physics of the spacetime metrics.
The standard model postulates the Big Bang singularity to become a 'smeared out' minimum spacetime configuration (also expressible as quantum foam or in vertex adjacency of Smolin's quantum loops). This 'smearing out' of the singularity then triggers the (extended) Guth-Inflation, supposedly ending at a time coordinate of so 10^-32 seconds after the Big Bang.
Without delving into technical details; the Guth-Inflation ended at a time coordinate of 3.33x10^-31 seconds and AT THAT coordinate, the Big Bang became manifest in the emergence of spacetime metrics in the continuity of classical general relativity and the quantum gravitational manifesto.
This means, that whilst the Temperature background remains classically valid, the distance scales for the Big Bang will become distorted in the standard model in postulating a universe the scale of a 'grapefruit' at the end of the inflation.
The true size (in Quantum Relativity) of the universe at the end of the inflation was the size of a wormhole, namely at a Compton-Wavelength (Lambda) of 10^-22 meters and so significantly smaller, than a grapefruit.
Needless to say, and in view of the CMBR background of the temperatures, the displacement scales of the standard model will become 'magnified' in the Big Bang Cosmology of the very early universe in the scale ratio of say 10cm/10 ^-20cm=10²¹ i.e. the galactic scales in meter units.
If you study the inflation cosmology more closely, you will find that many cosmologists already know, that the universe had to be 'blown up' to the Hubble Horizon instantaneously (so this is not popularised, as it contradicts the 'grapefruit' scale of Alan Guth).

3. A result of this is that the 'wormhole' of the Big Bang MUST be quantum entangled (or coupled) to the Hubble Horizon. And from this emerges the modular duality of the fifth class of the superstrings in the Weyl-String of the 64-group heterosis.
Again, without technical detail, the Big Bang wormhole becomes a hologram of the Hubble Horizon and they are dimensionally separated by the Scale-parameter between a 3-dimensional space and a 4-doimensional space. This is becoming more and more mainstream in the 5-dimensional spacetime of Kaluza-Klein-Maldacena in de Sitter space becoming the BOUNDARY for the 4D-Minkowski-Riemann-Einstein metrics of the classical cosmology. Of course the Holographic Universe of Susskind, Hawking, Bekenstein and Maldacena plays a crucial part in this, especially as M-Theory has proven, (YES PROVEN in scientific terms), the entropic equivalence of the thermodynamics of Black Holes in the quantum eigenstates of the classical Boltzmann-Shannon entropy.
So your 'speculative' status of string theory is a little 'out of date'. The trouble with the Susskind googolplex solutions is that they (if just Witten would have access to my data) fail to take into account the superstring selftransformations of the duality-coupled five classes. They think that all five classes manifest at the Planck-scale (therefore the zillions of solutions), they do not and transform into each other to manifest the Big Bang in a minimum spacetime configuration at the Weylian wormhole of class HE(8x8).
Roger Penrose has elegantly described the link of this to classical General Relativity in his "Weyl Curvature Hypothesis".
Quote from:'The large, the Small and the Human Mind"-Cambridge University Press-1997 from Tanner Lectures 1995"; page 45-46:

"I want to introduce a hypothesis which I call the 'Weyl Curvature Hypothesis'. This is not an implication of any known theory. As I have said, we do not know what the theory is, because we do not know how to combine the physics of the very large and the very small. When we do discover that theory, it should have as one of its consequences this feature which I have called the Weyl Curvature Hypothesis. Remember that the Weyl curvature is that bit of the Riemann tensor which causes distortions and tidal effects. For some reason we do not yet understand, in the neighbourhood of the Big Bang, the appropriate combination of theories must result in the Weyl tensor being essentially zero, or rather being constrained to be very small indeed.
The Weyl Curvature Hypothesis is time-asymmetrical and it applies only to the past type singularities and not to the future singularities. If the same flexibility of allowing the Weyl tensor to be 'general' that I have applied in the future also applied to the past of the universe, in the closed model, you would end up with a dreadful looking universe with as much mess in the past as in the future. This looks nothing like the universe we live in. What is the probability that, purely by chance, the universe had an initial singularity looking even remotely as it does?
The probability is less than one part in (10¹⁰)¹²³. Where does this estimate come from? It is derived from a formula by Jacob Bekenstein and Stephen Hawking concerning Black Hole entropy and, if you apply it in this particular context, you obtain this enormous answer. It depends how big the universe is and, if you adopt my own favourite universe, the number is, in fact, infinite.
What does this say about the precision that must be involved in setting up the Big Bang? It is really very, very extraordinary, I have illustrated the probability in a cartoon of the Creator, finding a very tiny point in that phase space which represents the initial conditions from which our universe must have evolved if it is to resemble remotely the one we live in. To find it, the Creator has to locate that point in phase space to an accuracy of one part in (10¹⁰)¹²³. If I were to put one zero on each elementary particle in the universe, I still could not write the number down in full. It is a stupendous number". End of Quote

4. Then of course I claim, that the Theory of Quantum Relativity represents a kind of 'Newtonian Approximation' to the 'Theory we have yet to find', mentioned by Roger Penrose in the above.
Then the 'phase spaced' de Broglie inflation is in moduar quantum entanglement with the Weyl-Wormhole of the Zero-Curvature of Roger Penrose's hypothesis and this solves the 'Riddle of Space' in somewhat the manner Allen Francom has postulated.
The Hubble-Universe consists of 'adjacent' Weyl-wormholes, discretisizing all physical parameters in holofractal selfsimilarity.
Penrose's Weyl-tensor is zero as the quasi-reciprocal of the infinite curvature of the Hubble Event Horizon - quasi because the two scales (of the wormhole and Hubble Universe) are dimensionally separated in the modular coupling of the 11D supermembrane boundary to the 10D superstring classical cosmology of the underpinning Einstein-Riemann-Weyl tensor of the Minkowski (flat) metric.

5. Finally then, the Hubble Law as applied in the standard model becomes a restricted case, applicable ONLY at the Node of the 11D asymptotic limit/boundary also BEING the Initial condition, Penrose writes of.
Then and there the Hubble Constant is truly Constant at 58.03 km/MPc.s; vindicating both Alan Sandage and Halton Arp, the latter in his questioning of the Hubble Law to characterise the cosmic distance scales.

6. Because of the duality coupling between the wormhole and the Hubble horizon, the Hubble-Horizon in 10D is always smaller than the Hubble Horizon in 11D (the first is defined in a 4D Minkowski spacetime and the second in a 5D Kaluza-Klein hypersphere). So the standard cosmology will measure an 'accelerating universe' where there is actually an 'electromagnetic intersection' of the 11D- Big Bang Light having reflected from the 11D boundary and recoupling with the 10D expansion.
Halton Arp's redshifts are also dual in that the special relativistic doppler formulation is absolutely sufficient to relate the cosmological redshift to cosmic displacement scales (and without the Hubble Law H_o=v_rec/D). So the redshift measurement is the true parameter and must then be correlated with the expansion factor of General Relativity to ascertain the lowerD coordinates of the observed phenpomena encompassed by the higherD coordinates (through the values of the expansion parameter).
Briefly, the expanding universe presently moves at 0.22c with a deceleration of about 0.01 nanometers per second squared. But because the Hubble Horizon ITSELF recedes presently at 0.22c particular 'redshift corrections' must be applied to the VALID measurements of the latter to ascertain the cosmological distance scales of the lightemitters.
John Shadow

--- In Christianity_Debate@yahoogroups.com, "MikeA" wrote:
--- In Christianity_Debate@yahoogroups.com, drcsanyi drcsanyi@ wrote:

It is you who do not recognize the vast difference between Arp and the "Big Bang" model.

[MIKE] I see Arp has been busy since he retired. This is what I gather. Arp disagrees as he has his whole career that quasars' redshifts are due to distance. He now apparently feels that they are being ejected from certain very active galaxies and that because of this the universe the Hubble constant should be about 55 not the 70 something it now is calculated to be. I should point out that there is nothing very unusual in this. Allan Sandage who took over Hubble's task when Hubble died thinks the number is closer to 55 than 70. And Thomas Matthews who discovered these ubiquitous quasars with Sandage has also found some quasars that are nearby. Please note I said some.

Arp is now of the opinion that Hoyle was right and is fooling with a cyclic steady state universe if that is not an oxymoron. From what i can discern one is going to get the same observations with either model for the forseeable future.
shiloh

Last edited by shiloh on Wed Jan 11, 2012 9:39 pm; edited 2 times in total

shiloh

shiloh: Posts: 479
Join date: 2011-03-16
Age: 56
Location: Akbar Ra

Post n°35

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

shiloh on Fri Jun 17, 2011 7:46 am

The Machian Momentum for the Universe

We consider the universe to be a Quantum Universe; that is we sum all fermionic spin-states (N) as Intrinsic Angular Momenta to become the Intrisic Spin Angular Momentum for the Universe as a quantised protoverse.

This total momentum we considered mirrored in a dimensional 11-D WittenMirror reflecting 12D-OmniSpace onto 10D-OmniSpace in a complexified within-without topology of a doublesided surface becoming onesided.

The modular duality of superbrane theory will prove useful in application in that regard.

This rather naturally engages the Heisenbergian Uncertainty Principle in the form of the fermionic (or halfspin) intrinsic angular momentm given in h/4pas the limit for measurement regarding dynamical systems.

We engage the absolute polarity cancellation, say as x=v.t=(-v)(-t) in this doubling process in engaging the 4world scenario of George Ryazanov and other physicists and described in our context in the following analysis.

1. Moments of Inertia and the nested curvatures of dimension mappings

The Moment of Inertia of a solid sphere mass M and radius R is (2/5).MR² and that of a spherical shell of the same dimensions is (2/3).MR² as determined by integration across the geometries.

We consider the universe to be the Hypersphere of Riemann of 4D-Volume l]p²R_max³, which is also a 3D-surface of toroidal derivative, i.e. a KleinBottle as Moebian extension in 2D.

This kind of topology incorporates naturally our doubling of a onsided surface via a dimensional twist of a doublesided surface.

This we term as a adjacency about a Geometrical and physical centre or mathematical point singularity.

As precisely 8 spheres radius (a) fit into a sphere radius (2a) and volume (4p/3)(8a)³ = (32p/3)(a³); we define the curvature factor (3p/2) to relate toroidal volume 2p²a³ to spherical volume (4p/3)a³.

Considering now the topology of such a torus, defined in radii a and 2a; we can observe a positive spherical curvature encompassing a negative hyperbolic curvature in a 3D perspective, the latter which we expand into 4D as the hypersphere of Riemann.

The encompassment or enveloping of a lower surface dimension by a volume dimension is however twosided.

We must consider the mapping of volumes onto both the inner and outer surfaces in the same dimensional sense.

Whilst the inner volume of the earth, say is mapped onto the inner manifold comprising the earth's surface; the outer volume of the earth (the outer space) is mapped onto the outer manifold as the encompassing volume and as given in the 4D hypersphere, which is a 3D surface.

This consideration then allows us to extend the 3D/4D scenario in the application of conifolded or enfolded higher dimensional geometries.

Especially, there exist toroidal derivatives in 6D, which are called Calabi-Yau manifolds and their extensions into 7D are termed Joycian shaped topologies.

We so invoke here the nomenclature of superbrane theory, without its mathematical formalism.

In our analysis of the Machian observer, we shall find the principle behind higher dimensional M-Theory of the superbranes.

The underlying principle is the Principle of Quantum Relativity (QR) as a natural extension for the Principle of General Relativity (GR), itself a natural consequence for the Principle of Special Relativity (SR).

We rename M-Theory in 11 dimensions as FMC-Theory of Quantum Relativity in 12 dimensions for this purpose.

The elementary precept of modular duality in M-Theory shall also be the defining foundation for QR.

We then consider 3D-surfaces as 4D-volumes to conifold 6D-Calabi-Yau shapes and 7D-Joyce manifolds in the connector dimensions of their enfolding.

This process renders the Minkowski-Riemann spacetime metric as a scalerelative enfolding of space within time, thus leading to the 'sharing of dimensions' and any object moving through time with maximum speed 'c', requiring to be necessarily at rest relative to its scale relative spacial dimensions.

Any motion of the object relative to the space dimensions, would decompose the Minkowski 4-vector and reduce the speed c via the formalisms of Special Relativity and its postulates.

For simplicity, we define the 12 dimensions as a simple superpositioning of four worlds superimposed upon one another, say as:

LineSpace (1-2-3) colocal with HyperSpace(4-5-6) colocal with QuantumSpace(7-8-9)colocal with OmniSpace(10-11-12]) colocal with (13=1-2-3)..
Each of the four worlds is the Riemann hypersphere with 3 spacial dimensions and a connector time dimension, which forms however a spacial dimension for the adjacent superimposed world.

So LineSpace connects to HyperSpace via a convenient, but ultimately imaginary timedimension and as say expressed in the Minkowsi 4-vector.

We could also extend our 4 worlds in ascribing Translation to LineSpace, Rotation to Hyperspace, Vibration to QuantumSpace and Quantization to OmniSpace, the decisive constant being the speed of light in 'free space', denoted as 'c'.

2. The Machian observer and the principles of relativity and the Weyl nullification

The rotational frames of references of HyperSpace will become elucidated in the Machian observer.

Consider the rotation of a dynamical system about its axis of rotation, say a solid circular disk radius R with angular velocity w=v/R=2pf; f the frequency of rotation and v the tangential velocity linked to angular centripetal acceleration a_centripetal =v²/R.

The postulates of SR lead to Time-Dilation and Lorentz-Contraction and invoke the notion of no absolute motion being measurable between two oberservers moving uniformely or at rest with respect to one another.

This and the invariance of 'c', irrespective as to the dynamical motion of the observer, forms the Principle of Special Relativity.

The Principle of General Relativity states, that a dynamical system of SR, that is in uniform motion of an inertial frame of reference and which is experiencing a gravitational field; is indistinguishable from a non-inertial system subject to accelerations, which is not experiencing such a gravitational field. This is known as the Principle of Equivalence.

Our rotating disk above so experiences both inertial and non-inertial frames of references, so applying both SR and GR in the one dynamical system.

In particular the radius vector must remain invariant, being normal to the central force, causing the centripetal acceleration.

The tangent vector experiences Lorentz-Contraction relative to a Bird's Eye Observer (BEO), which remains stationary relative to the rotating frame of reference (FOR).

Using SR and allowing an observer to rotate with the FOR must produce the invariance of 'c'.

Now any 'observation point' for the corotating FOR must be somewhere on the disk, resolved in the radius vector and the tangent vector.

We 'shrink' the radius vector using GR until we encounter the Weyl-Limit.

The Riemann Tensor of GR's field equations consists of two parts; the Weyl-Tidal-Tensor and the Ricci-Density-Tensor with the g-metric.

The Weyl-Tensor preserves volume, but deforms the volume, whilst the Ricci-Tensor reduces volume in accelerating the particles comprising the warping surface inwards.

But our radius vector must remain invariant and when the limit for measurement is reached in the 'point-limit', then there can be no deformation by the Weyl-Tensor, because this would violate the invariance of the radius vector.

Subsequently, the Weyl-Curvature must be 0 and the 'point limit' must be a dewarped singularity, which we now rename as the wormhole perimeter l_ps=r_ps/2p as the metrically defined geodesic.

As mensuration limit, no further Lorentz-Contraction below the wormhole perimeter is possible.

This is a consequence of QR in the modular duality definitions for heterotic superstring HE(8x8), which we rename here as the Supermembrane E_psE_ss.

3. Quantum Relativity definitions for the Mach observer

The Identity coupling the macrorealm to the microrealm is given in the inverse properties of SourceBoson E_ps and SinkBoson E_ss, the subscripts denoting ps=primary sourcesink and ss=secondary sinksource.

QR defines the following:

Energy: E = m_oc² = hf

E=hf iff m_o=0

E=m_o iff f=f_ss=1/f_ps=l_ps/c

All elementary particles/wavelets thus carry an intrinsic EigenFrequency or Lightequivalent f_ss=1/f_ps=t_ps, which is the TimeInstanton, the beginning of the universe as described by GR and the metricated scenarios of mensuration, observation and scalerelative measurements.

This gives the inverse proportionality for lightspeed 'c' to the coupling between the vibratory E_ps of high frequency/small radius source-part, modular dual to the winded E_ss of low frequency/big radius sink-part.

Gravitational Radiation is the modular inverse of Electromagnetic Radiation, differing in the scale-independent and algorithmically QR-derived supersonstant c².

A derived minimum/maximum coupling relates the frequency of the 11D-oscillating universe with nodally fixed Hubble Constant H_o=58.04 (km/Mpc.s) and maximum curvature radius R_max=c/H_o to the wormhole in the constancy for c in: c = H_o.R_max = f_ps.l_ps

Also, the dimensionless TauTime(t) in GR, applied to the curvature R_c=c.dt/dt, becomes the cycletime n in our descriptions as dn/dt=H_o, n=H_o.t.

The wormhole perimeter is directly quantised in terms of the classical electron radius R_e=e²/(4pe_o.m_ec²), which is proportional to the Compton Radius of quantum-atomic-structure in R_Compton=R_e/Alpha.

Alpha is the electromagnetic finestructure given as Alpha=e²/2e_ohc and as Alpha=60pe²/h in QR, and denotes the interaction probability between matter and light.

(QR derives a superconductive form for the Action Law: Action = Charge², the electrical conductance quantum, k and the Quantum Hall effect and the Josephson Constant).

There are exactly 10¹⁰ l_ps/360 wormholeperimeters in one R_e; relating to the finestructure of Planck's Constant h as: h=l_ps/l]p.R_ec³ in dimensionless Action-Units (relating to the monopole superstring class IIB).

{The 360 count is not arbitrary, because the QR derivation for transcendental p, engages trigonometric series which lead to the cipher 180 as a limit in Archimedean polygon approximations, also related to QR definitions for magnetic permeability and electric permittivity}.

The nodal and 11D oscillating universe grows under agency of 'c' in electromagnetic parameters, encompassing the asymptotically expanding, but decelerating 10D hyperbolically curved 4D-volumed hypersphere as its inner surface mapping in say the 5D-Anti DeSitter hyperspace.

The volume as 4D-information becomes the 3D-surface of the inner LineSpace mapping the 5D-surface of the outer HyperSpace.

The volume is nested between the surfaces of two worlds, an ekpyrotic universe of LineSpace blending with the Hyperspace, encompassed in the cyclicity of the 10th dimension , reflecting off the M-Space of the Witten-Mirror.

Thus the connector-time dimensions are 4-7-10-13=1 and the four worlds are defined in perfect supersymmetry.

Maxwell's equations are introduced to the magnetic monopole(as selfdual superstring class IIB) and 12 magnetopolic junction points within a fourfolded propagation of the wormhole toroidal spacequantum define the Unified Field of Quantum Relativity (UFoQR).

And yet, this fourfoldedness is just the one world of our Machian Observer.

The singularity is no more; it has become the selfrelative BEO at the centre of rotation as the Machian Observer.

It is irrelevant if the BEO rotates with the Perimeter FOR or is stationary relative to it.

As Machian BEO, shehe is located literally at the centre of the universe, with everything else rotating or moving relatively to himher.

The uniform motion of SR implies invariance of c, should the perimeter FOR rotate with the FOR.

It is only at the now demetricated singularity, that this corotation becomes arbitrary.

Demetricating the field equations of GR blends QuantumTheory with Classical Mechanics, culminating in General Relativity, itself emerged from Special Relativity and the physics of Newton and Galileo.

The nullification of the Weyl-Tensor hence dewarps Minkowskian spacetime into the Schwarzschild solutions for the overall cosmic evolution, from the wormhole singularity as limit for the g-metric onto the Sarkar-architecture of the fractal universe in 236.5 million lightyears, then onwards towards the asymptotic boundary defined by the Spherical Standing Wave defined by the Hubble-Oscillation and c-invariance.

Meanwhile so the oscillating cosmos has returned in its cyclicity to intersect the dimensions 2.2 Billion years ago, superposing its blueshift onto the cosmological redshift and giving the 'appearance' of an accelerating cosmic expansion, linked to a 'dip' in the Alpha-Electromagnetic Finestructure Constant to about 80 parts per million in a redshift interval from 1.08 to 1.84, mapped again around an Arpian present cycle value of 0.2505.

But the finite cosmos is enfolded within the infinite one, creating space and time as it moves ever onwards under invariance of 'c'.

4. The Mach momentum for the universe

Let us now calculate the Machian Momentum for the Universe and the intrinsic angular momentum for it as a Quantum Universe, a Protouniverse or monosong.

The geometry can be modelled on a prolate ellipsoid with major axis invariance under rotation.

The focalpoints would remain mathematical singularities as the 0-brane of Quantum Relativity.

Any minor axis rotation would merge the focus points in a pointcircle and the 1-brane of QR would define an oblate ellipsoid of phaseshifted multiverses; integrated as angular function of the complex OmniSpace as the Omniverse.

As there is no gravitational field outside the enfolded protouniverse, uniform motion of the protoverse in inertial frames is not equivalent to accelerated motion in noninertial frames by the postulates of GR.

Subsequently, rotating the protouniverse in the nongravitational undefined spacetime without does not cause centripetal forces balanced by centrifugal (coriolis) forces within the enfolded and metrically defined spacetimes.

The Machian and Einsteinian postulates of 'Relativity of Inertia' hence becomes the BEO -frame within the protoverse as referring to the centre of rotation as the Machian observer, a reference previously known as 'relative to the fixed stars'.

It is only in that FOR, that the BEO becomes independent from any other coexisting relative rotational systems in the measurement of the invariance of light, say as in the Sagnac Effect.

The monosongs become tunes, melodies and a symphony of the supermembranes as particle/wavelets of the UFoQR.

The Total Momentum for the Universe is given in:
(2/3)M.R_max².w = N.h/4p

We consider the Universe's mass M to be the surface mapping of 10D onto the inside of the 11D-manifold and use the moment of inertia of a spherical shell. (This is the 2-brane/2-sphere of LineSpace).

We incorporate all fermionic particles, including the (anti)neutrinos, whose number is given in the baryon/photon ratio (Eta h) and a number which increases N by a factor of about 10⁹.

QR calculates, for a present cycletime n_p=1.1324.., the following parameters:

Deceleration Parameter q_o=0.014015 for Sarkar-Architecture at cosmological redshift z=7.477 or 236.5 Mly.

Critical Density:
r_c=3H_o[up]2[/sup]/8pG = R_max.c²/2GV_max

r_c = H_o²/4p² (for 11D-curvature)

M_o=1.81371262x10⁵¹ kg*

M₈=6.47061227x10⁵² kg*

R_max=1.59767545x10²⁶ m*;

R_10D(n)=R_max(1 - n/(n+1)) m*;

R_11D(n)=n.R_max m*

N_o=1.8275x10⁷⁸

N₈=6.5197x10⁷⁹

h_10D=3.64x10^-10

h_11D=4.82x10^-11

w = 2pf = 2p/T = 3Nh/{8phMR_max²} = 3.06x10^-50 1/s for the asymptotic 10D-massparametric universe

(T=Period) = 5.08x10^-50 1/s for the oscillating 11D-electromagnetic universe.

The QR definition for time sets the natural limit for this in the minimum/maximum ratio of l_ps/R_max=n_ps.

The Timeinstanton t_ps=f_ss=3.333..x10^-31 s, thus relates n_ps=1/l_ssR_max=6.26x10^-49; mapping the 'real' time t_ps onto the 'imaginary' time H_o.t_ps=1.17x10^-66 s/s.

This analysis has lead us into the realms of the poets and dreamers.

Leonardo de Vinci's 'Vitruvian Man' has literally become the Machian Observer, encompassing the entire universe as 'Cosmic Man', the Adam Kadmon of Lurianic-Hebrew Kabbalah or the Purusha of Hindu cosmology.

Molecules are mapped as star systems from the 'inner space' and biovital cells become the galaxies of 'outer space'.

Every sentient being is mapped holographically as a neuron in all other 'immortalised' non-telomere depleted 'neuronal brains'.

The monosongs become tunes, melodies and a symphony of the supermembranes as particle/wavelets of the UFoQR.

Anthony Paul Bermanseder, BSc.

The Cosmic Presence of the Starhuman Race in the History of the Ten Principalities and Generations of the Logos

A major reconfiguration of the cosmic matrix occurred about 2,200 million years ago and this nexus served as a preparation for another major transformation of spacetime triggering a metamorphosis of the seedling universe, now about 19.11 billion years of cosmic age.

This second cosmic transformation is often associated with particular timeframes like the Mayan calendar, prophecies and futuristic expectations and natural phenomena such as the precession of the equinoxes or the planetary orbits about centres and axes of rotations.

This essay shall indicate that all those aspects are interwoven and exposit the deeper reason as to why a particular 26,000 year precessional cycle of the planet earth relates to the nexus point of universal consciousness of a galactic starhuman race, triggered 2,200 million years ago.

So 2,200 million years ago; the starhuman template or blueprint was born in the event of the cosmic self-reflection and in what can be termed the awakening of quantum self-consciousness on the cosmic scale.

It took about 16.9 billion years for the linear evolvement of the entropic time arrow to reach its own limiting boundary from its own birth as a quantum event emerging from a spacetimeless realm of the eternal void or the infinite singularity.

This singularity is finitised in a minimum spacetimematter configuration, commonly termed a wormhole of the hyperspace or a Einstein-Rosen-Bridge.

The quantum nature of reality is beyond dispute, as is the applicability of the classical geometric theory of the relativities. However, Einstein's Theory of General Relativity requires a flat (Minkowski) spacetime background and so disallows spin-orbit coupling in so called torsion effects of angular momentum; the latter ultimately reducible to the quantum theory of quantized particle spins as function of a 'quantum action' (EnergyxTime=DisplacementxMomentum in Planck's Constant h).

So the classical geometric theory of Einstein is extended in a torsion accomodating hyperphysics, known as the Theory of Einstein-Cartan. In Einstein-Cartan theory, the flat Minkowski metric is allowed to curve in say Ashtekar parameters and tensor variables and the Minkowski continuum of the potential and intrinsic singualities becomes finitized in a summation of wormholes or Black Hole-White Hole dyadic unitary building blocks.

The flat continuous spacetime of Einstein-Minkowski-Riemann so becomes curved and discretized in quantized wormhole funnels in hyperspacetime and the classical geometric description for the universe's cosmologies are rendered quantum geometric.

[url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein–Cartan_theory]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einstein–Cartan_theory[/url]

Then about 2,200 million years ago, the presently observed and measured universe became 'reset' after a 16.9 billion journey of the original lightpath of the creation reaching its own preset boundary as say a 11-dimensional Witten-Membrane-Mirror.

This became a consequence of the original inflationary expansion of a massless universe, which occurred BEFORE the so termed Big Bang of the classical thermodynamic cosmology of a Planck Black Body Radiator.

The string- or brane epoch magnified the size of the wormhole in a factor of 10⁴⁸ from the wormhole unit of so 10^-22 to the so called Hubble scale of 10²⁶ meters; and in a physics of the hyperspace known as a de Broglie wave matter phase transition.

The 'Bubble of the Omniverse' so became manifest as a lightpath of 16.9 billion lightyears in 11D membrane Witten-Mirrorspace; with the lightspeed invariance of the classical and relativistic Einstein-Planck universe asymptotically expanding towards this mirror space boundary.

Because of lightspeed 'c' becoming the acceleration limit for all inertial objects, the lower 10-dimensional string universe so can only reach its higher dimensional boundary following an infinite linear temporal time evolution.

The lightpath itself will however attain this boundary in a finite time as a function of the de Broglien matter wave parameters.

And those parameters then specify the 2,200 million year nexus as the time of the intersection of the Big bang lightpath of creation with its own boundary of the Mirror Membrane omnispace.

The Universe Seedling, also known as Barbelo or the Cosmic Mother, so 'woke up' in poetic terms when the light of the Big Bang reached the wavematter mirror.

The lightpath both penetrated the mirror membrane into unexplored and undefined 12-dimensional Vafa-Father-Spacetime in refraction and reflected in a return and retracing of the electromagnetic parameters of the forwards journey.

The dispersion of the creation energy could now stop its entropic expansion of the stringed inertia into the membraned gravita under the auspices of the Equivalence principle of Einstein regarding inertial kinematic mass and gravitational potential mass.

The Cosmic Sentiences as the Universal Intelligence was born and could begin to accumulate in negentropy in suitable vessels or bodyforms for the further processing opf the creation energy in terms of spacial consciousness.

The following references describe this space inherent consciousness in more technical and mathematical terminology and provide an overview for the Extraterrestrial Life so instigated in the 'Electromagnetic Return' of the Lightpath of the Creator.

[size=21Planet Earth, ETs and the Akashic Sphere of the Remembrances[/size]

http://www.thuban.spruz.com/forums/?page=post&id=B520414B-74E8-4A5D-BA59-1AC8B2DB582E&fid=D9E24033-58EE-41FB-ACF6-CCB1382143C3

http://jcer.com/index.php/jcj/article/viewFile/128/137

http://www.thuban.spruz.com/forums/?page=post&id=35C6E5FE-8B8B-45B1-BF72-9DCE133289BA&fid=770AB61A-2FC7-4172-9755-5D6EA2D3666E

Four Metric Ages for the Universe in the Cosmology of Membranes

The Age of the Universe is metric dependent. One might ask certain questions, like "How old is he Universe" and this is a very good question at the core of all cosmology.

Analysis shows, that there are four different metrics and so there are four ages and four sizes for your universe and depending on one's viewpoint of observation.

If measured from WITHIN the inertia defined Hubble Horizon in a 10D-string universe, the universe has the volume of a sphere, but measured from in between that Hubble Horizon in 10D and its 11D-membrane universe, this volume transforms into a special toroidal shape, like a doughnut without as hole.

This then gives the volume V₁₀=2π²R_max³[n/(n 1)]³ for an inertial doughnut age of 8.96 billion years or a 15.03 billion year spherical age. These are the Actual Inertial Ages for the universe as envelopes or upper bounds and these are not the ages as measured by scientists as the natural philosophers.

The transformation factor between the "doughnut without a hole" and the sphere is the upper bounded Chaos Constant known as the Feigenbaum-Delta: σ_Fmax=3π/2.

This is defined (by the Theorem of Centroids by Pappus) in the toroidal volume 2πR.πR²=2π²R³= (3π/2).(4πR³/3) for a (tangential) Horn Torus. Exactly 8 spheres of radius R fit into a sphere of radius 2R and define the maximized Chaos Delta in:

8.4πR³/3 = 32πR³/3 = Volume of OmniSphere radius 2R encompassing Volume of Torus radius

R = (16/3π).2π²R³

Should one measure the universe from a position of OUTSIDE this 11-D WittenMirror-spacetime say in 12D-VafaMirror spacetime however, the volume increases due to the 4-dimensional seed activated by the 3-dimensional seed.

Technically the surface on which the far away mirror exists becomes a 3-dimensional mirror just as the location of a local surface mirror can be postulated to exist on the inside of a spherical 2-dimensional mirror much farther away and as 'seen at a distance'.

Then the outside of this 2D-mirror surface changes from a spherical surface to a doughnut surface, remaining however 2-dimensional, albeit in transition to 3D, obtained in the asymptotic approach of the 2D-surface towards the 3D-surface.

In other words, the 'Image' as seen in the 'far away mirror' INTERSECTS its own lightpath X=cT and between the mass parametric lower-D spacetime and the electromagnetically defined higher-D spacetime.

Outside the far away mirror in the 12-D-Vafa spacetime then the surface topology is 4-dimensional as the orthogonal vector nR_max in the expression dV₁₁=S.dR=2π²R_max³dR

from V₄=½π²R⁴ and dV₄/dR=2π²R³

The extra-3D-volume so becomes: V₁₁=n³2π²R_max³and is measured relative to the inside in 10D as an age of 32.04 billion years, but relative to the outside in 11D as 19.11 billion years. These are the Actual Electromagnetic Ages for the universe.

The Measured Ages for the universe are however lower, than the Actual Ages, because of the intersection of the 3rd dimension with the 4th dimension.

If the critical volume is defined as V_critical=2π²R_max³, then the extra 3D volume expanding as a 4D volume seed will be V₁₁^-=n.V_criticaland as reduced from V₁₁=n³.V_critical

The Measured Electromagnetic Age for your universe then is 17.59 billion doughnut years and 29.49 billion sphere years.

The following expressions must hold and define the multivolumes in labels, which can then become reinterpreted in the form of 'missing energy' and 'missing mass'. Many cosmologists in your universe term this the search for 'dark energy' and 'dark matter' respectively.

Multidimension Factor: DIM = V₁₁/V₁₀= V₁₁^-/V₁₀^-

Dark Matter Factor: DIM_DM= V₁₁^- /V₁₀=(n 1)³/n²~7.561 (for n=n_present)

Dark Energy Factor: DIM_DE= V₁₁/V₁₀^-=(n 1)³.n²~12.434 (for n=n_present)

One so must have a reduced 3-dimensional inertial volume V₁₀^-, which is given by

V₁₀^-=(n/[n 1]³)2π²R_max³and provides a doughnut age of 8.25 billion years and the age measured by the astrophysicist, namely 13.83 billion years as the Measured Inertial Ages for the universe.

Comprehensively then, the universe is experiencing an ongoing transformation in its cosmological evolution.

Technical details are published here: http://www.thuban.spruz.com/forums/?page=post&id=F2CFF19F-A99B-4551-9908-3283C7E892AB&fid=5ED5759D-A49E-4A30-8B3C-66CE5510131B

The Cosmic Wavesurfer and the Omniverse in Phi and incorporates the following data:

R₁₁=(n)R_HubblefromV₁₁=(n³)2π²R_max³

R₁₁^-=(n^1/3)R_HubblefromV₁₁^-=(n)2π²R_max³

R₁₀=(n/[n 1])R_HubblefromV₁₀=(n/[n 1])³2π²R_max³

R₁₀^-=(n^1/3/[n 1])R_HubblefromV₁₀^-=(n/[n 1]³)2π²R_max³

The Delta Δ=0.1324...then assigns the ratio Δ/(1 Δ)=Δ/n=(n-1)/n=1-1/n=0.1170 to the proportion of the asymptotic Universe which has become Revisited by the 'Electromagnetic rerturn' of the EMMR Light (of the Spirit of the CreatorCreation Monad in the Creator-Creation Duality).

So for Δ=1, Δ/n=1/2 for a complete Hubble Oscillation and defining the return of the EMMR Light to its Big Bang Node, indicating that the full 50% of the asymptotic expansion of the protoversal seedling has become 'remapped' and 'downloaded' in the information of the first Hubble Cycle. The return lightpath of the EMMR would however still await remapping' and 'downloading' as the fraction 2/3-1/2=1/6 or 16.666%.

For Δ=2, n=3 and so 2/3 of the data download would image the expansion factor a=n/(n 1)=3/4 as the part of the unmapped transversion of the multiversal cyclicity arrow of 3/4-2/3=1/12 or 8.3333%.

The 'Heartbeat of the Omniverse' so defines the Hubble-Oscillation for the Multiverse.

The 'downloaded' data is centered on the physicalised Image of the Mother-Black Hole of the Circumscribing Witten Mirror and so becomes the Gaian Supersphere for the 'downloaded data' from the rest of the Omniverse.

As the 'returned data' (for a referential movie indicator consider Star Trek One, the Motion Picture) at the present cycletime coordinate n_present=1.1324..is 11.70% of the total extent of the EMMR Lightpath; it will be this proportion of R_Hubble, centered on the Gaian geometrical center; which defines the Gaian Superradius as R_Gaia=0.117R_Hubble=1.977 Billion lightyears (Gly).

Using Quantum Relativity String data: R_max=R_Hubble=ct/n=lightpath/n=R_Wormhole(H)^1/3; H=ABCD=(R_Hubble/R_Wormhole)³

=1.59767545..x10²⁶(m*)=16.8761... Glightyears for the Boundary- and Initial conditions

R₁₁=(n)R_Hubble=19.11 Gly (toroidal) & 32.04 Gly (spherical) for a Mean Value of: ½(19.11 32.04)Gly=½[(3π/2)^1/31]19.11083=25.5754415...Gly

as approximation to the 25,626.81 ly fractal of the 'Civil 365.2425 Day Year', which would be 'exact' for a extrapolated '365.976..~366 Day Year'.

26,000x360=25,626.81x365.2425=25,575.44...x365.9761

R_Gaia11=2.24 Gly (toroidal) & 3.75 Gly (spherical)

R₁₁^-=(n^1/3)R_Hubble=17.59 Gly (toroidal) & 29.49 Gly (spherical)

R_Gaia11^-=2.06 Gly (toroidal) & 3.45 Gly (spherical)

R₁₀=(n/[n 1])R_Hubble=8.96 Gly (toroidal) & 15.02 Gly (spherical)

R_Gaia10=1.05 Gly (toroidal) & 1.76 Gly (spherical)

R₁₀^-=(n^1/3/[n 1])R_Hubble=8.25 Gly (toroidal) & 13.83 Gly (spherical)

R_Gaia10^-=0.97 Gly (toroidal) & 1.62~1.618 Gly (spherical)

The Gaian Superradius for the spherical corrrelation of the toroidal minimum size of the Omniverse, so corresponds to the standard and popularized age-measurement for the lower dimensional universe converging to an age of 13.83 billion lightyears.

The Omniversal Gaian fractal then approximates this nexus point in the Golden Ratio Phi to allow determination of the n-cycle coordinate whenever the overall omniversal evolvement has attained the consciousness potential to process that omniversal data base.

In particular, the Gaian observers of that cosmic evolution will KNOW WHERE they are in determining this n-cycletime coordinate and then broadcast this value to the extraterrestrial omniverse as indicated.

EMMR Lightpath in Billions of Lightyears is X=cT=Lightpath of EMMR.

Φ=1.618033...=½(√5 1)=-Y=1/X for (X,Y) the Roots of T(n)=n(n 1)=1 in Euler's Identity in the Quadratic n² n-1=0=(n-X)(n-Y)

XY=X Y=i²=-1=cos(π) isin(π)=cis(π)=e^iπand

ΦX=cTΦ=R_Gaia10-=([n-1]/n)(3π/2)^1/3(n^1/3/[n 1])R_Hubble

=(n-1)(3πn/2)^1/3R_Hubble/T(n)=R_Gaia10-

Φ=(R_Gaia10-)/EMMR-Lightpath=R_Gaia10-/(cx3600x24x365.2425x10⁹)

The Lightpath for the EMMR (aka 'Spirit') so requires a definition of what a cyclic year is and is approximated above as a Civil GigaYear of 31,556,952 Billion seconds for a lightpath of 9.4670856...x10²⁴ meters or 1 Billion lightyears.

Solving the transcendental equation:

f(n)=cTΦ-R_Gaia10-=0=cTΦ - (n-1)(3πn/2)^1/3R_Hubble/T(n)=0 then determines n_presentin this approximation as n_present~1.132419321.

Tonyblue; calling the extraterrestrial observers within the Gaian Superspherical Radius of Φ Billion lightyears and as minimum omniversal volumar in sphericity.

The Human Exiled Collective Agency has determined "Where They Are" as the Gaian representatives for the Omniversal constituency in the n-cycletime coordinate system.

The StarHuman deliverance can so become initiated in the Collective Cooperation and as determined by the World Logos.

As per the references given, the Gaian lifeforms so substantiated in their morphogenetic bodyforms following the 'electromagnetic return' of the creator's lightpath and the multicellular lifeforms muliplied and propered following their evolutionary pathologies beginning so 2,200 million years ago with the oxgen enrichment of the Gaian atmosphere.

As Gaia is specified in her Hill Sphere (see reference), superposed onto the light inversion parameter characteristic to the inertia of the earth and its displacement from the solar focus in its orbital motion; the Gaian Noosphere or planetary consciousness becomes a focuspoint for all other starhuman races evolved in various manners in a subspace 'Bubble of Intersection' and of about 4,400 million years diameter centred on the Gaian geometrical centre of mass.

All planets carry Hill Spheres relative to their planetary gravitational characteristics as functions to their parent stars; but only Gaia is defined in a supplementary light inversion wavefront superposed onto the Hill sphere.

The estimated age of the martian moon Phobos is about 2.2 billion years as a carbonaceous chondrite meteorite, that is material found in the asteroid belt located between Mars and Jupiter.

Superposing such a 'natural exterior' origin for Phobos (fear) and Deimos (dread), as the natural satellites for Mars, onto a proposed 'artifical interior' construction by a prior starhuman civilization then allows an advanced spacetime civilization to manouver about its agenda within a particular star system focused on a 'planet of destiny' called Gaia Serpentina.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phobos_(moon) ; http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/marte/marte_phobos08.htm][url=http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/marte/marte_phobos08.htm]http://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/marte/marte_phobos08.htm)[/url]

{Caveat by Tonyblue: Whilst much of Richard Hoagland's and associates' analysis remains highly speculative and open to scientific rigour and subsequent dismissals, is basic premises regarding the prevalence of certain physical evidence with respect to an earlier human civilizationj throughout the solar system is supported by metaphysical inferrence and some archeaological evidence}

Phobos has been measured to be about 30-35% hollow and so can serve as a 'spaceship' so 20-25 km across (see references above).

http://memory-alpha.org/wiki/Yonada

Yonada

Yonada was a a 10,000-year-old asteroid-ship, built by the Fabrini when they realized that their home sun was about to go supernova and destroy all life on their planet. Yonada was constructed out of a hollowed-out asteroid and was sent on a computer-controlled course to a habitable colony world. In 2268, the USS Enterprise encountered the worldship when it was fired upon by the automated defense systems of Yonada.

The "surface" of Yonada

The Enterprise crew discovered that Yonada was on a collision course with the populated planet Daran V. The inhabitants of Yonada had been in space for so long that they had forgotten that they were on a ship. They called the ship's computer the Oracle and had built a sophisticated religion around it and its purpose to bring them to "the new world."

Central to this faith was the Oracle Room, which contained the physical representation of the Oracle, a kneeling position for use by the high priestess when conversing with the Oracle, and a plinth containing the Book of the People. The Oracle Room also contained a number of defensive mechanisms under the control of the Oracle, including a means of incapacitating intruders using an electric shock, and a means of heating the room to very high temperatures very quickly. Finally, it contained the concealed entrance to Yonada's control room.

The Enterprise crew helped Natira, the leader of the Yonada colonists, to understand that their world was a ship, and corrected the worldship's course to its intended destination.

(TOS: The Original Star Trek Series: "For the World is Hollow and I Have Touched the Sky")
It was from Rik Vollaert's evocative, 42-year-old script, of how "the Enterprise discovers a '200-mile-wide errant asteroid' in deep space," which the crew soon determine "is on direct course toward a deadly collision with 'Daran V' - an inhabited planet supporting almost 4 billion unsuspecting souls..."

Of course, "the Enterprise must stop the impending catastrophe... by altering the asteroid's deadly course; barring that, Kirk intends to simply destroy the threatening space rock..."

Until he discovers that the asteroid is also inhabited... and has been artificially "hollowed out" and set upon, "a centuries-long, interstellar survival journey... by a long-extinct civilization, the Fabrini..."

The Enterprise further discovers that the descendents of the Fabrini - the "people of Yonada" (as the child-like asteroid-inhabitants have named their tiny "planetoid"...)

Have NO idea they have been born... and have died... generation after generation - inside "a hollow, artificial world...!"

Or, that their small, wandering "ship" - after a 10,000-year-old journey - is now, in the last remaining hours of its millennial-long voyage, on a fatal collision course with a major, inhabited world...

This allows a planetary coevolution of starhuman civilizations; all without the restrictions or the quarantine of the starhuman template of Gaia.

In science fictional terms (of say Star Trek and the 'hints' of Buzz Aldrin and the Stanley Kubrik's motion pictures of 'insider' Arthur C. Clarke's '2001 - A Space Odyssey' and its sequel '2010 - The Year We Make Contact' then; the "Fabrini of Yonada" are the starhuman ancestors of the human civilization exiled from the galactic forums under quarantine upon Gaia.

It stands to reason then, that the projected starhuman metamorphopsis of Gaia will allow a 'back engineering' or retracing of the ubiquituous starhuman template in the co-evolvement of other suitable planetary environments with respect to the bodyforms or merkabahs suited to the encountered environments.

The decisive parameter for the timeline and the unfoldement of the overall plan for the reconfiguration of the cosmos; so will be a cyclicity or oscillatrion of an encompassing structure for the habitat; say a starsystem within an encompassing cellular galaxy.

The galactic cell of many starsystems so holofractically maps the biological cell of the great consciousness awakening of the electromagnetic lightpath nexus; changing from unicellular or prokaryote type to multicellular and eukaryotic taxonomy or archetype.

It so becomes the distance between the galactic centre and the starsystem and starplanet and not the period of precession, differing between starsystems and their subsystems; which defines the 'heartbeat' or the galactic oscillation of the communication between the galactic centre as the emitter and the receiver of the signal in a starsystem with its constituent planets.

A 'Great Platonic Year' is 360 'Ancient Days' for 26,000 'Great Platonic Years' being 360x26,000=9,360,000 'Days' as 65 Mayan baktuns or 5x13x144,000=9,360,000 'Kin'.

The distance between the galactic centre (Mayan Hunab Ku as the Butterfly Path of the Creator) of the Milky Way galaxy and the Solar System is then assigned this timespan as the lightpath of a galactic wavefront emitted from Hunab Ku 26,000 'Great Platonic Years' before a specified baktun date, such as the Mayan date 13.0.0.0.0 or Gregorian December 21st, 2012.

This signal or wavefront from the galactic centre so represents say a forward motion or 'expansion of a greater cycle like a heartbeat oscillation.

Considering bigger cyclicities, such as the Milankovitch cycles of particular planetary relationships between global environmental changes like iceages linked to longterm changes in precession and astrophysical dynamics (see reference below); a period of ten halfcycles of expansion-contraction can become assigned to the actual manifestation of the starhuman template and culminating in the completion of the consciousness evolvement, which began in its initialisation 2,200 million years ago.

The Cosmic Laws and their physical manifestation in the 'Laws of Nature' can be modeled on ten principalities of the World Logos and so can be assigned to ten 'Great Platonic Years' (GPY) as the 'retro engineered' Logos timeline for the nexus date of the electromagnetic return of the 'Creator's Source Energy'.

1. Identity/1st Heaven - AntiIdentity/1st Hell as the First Generation of 26 Billion GPY

is assigned to a First Fractal Age of 25.57544.. Billion Years & 25.62681 Billion 'Civil Years' as the Birth of the Seedling Universe:

260,000 - 234,000 GPY = November, 254,257 BC - September, 228,630 BC and in a mythology of Lemurian civilization

2. Expansion/2nd Heaven - Contraction/2nd Hell as the Second Generation of 2.6 Billion GPY

is assigned to a Second Fractal Age of 2.557544 Billion Years & 2.562681 Billion 'Civil Years':

234,000 - 208,000 GPY = September, 228,630 BC - July, 203,003 BC and in a mythology

3. Order/3rd Heaven - Disorder or Chaos/3rd Hell as the Third Generation of 260 Million GPY

is assigned to a Third Fractal Age of 255.7544 Million Years & 256.2681 Million 'Civil Years':

208,000 - 182,000 GPY = July, 203,003 - April, 177,376 BC and in a mythology

4. Symmetry/4th Heaven - AntiSymmetry or Distortion/4th Hell as the Fourth Generation of 26 Million GPY

is assigned to a Fourth Fractal Age of 25.57544 Million Years & 25.62681 Million 'Civil Years':

182,000 - 156,000 GPY = April, 177,376 BC - February 151,749 BC and in a mythology

5. Infinity or Divergence/5th Heaven - Limit or Convergence/5th Hell as the Fifth Generation of 2.6 Million GPY

is assigned to a Fifth Fractal Age of 2.557544 Million Years & 2.562681 Million 'Civil Years':

156,000 - 130,000 GPY = February, 151,749 BC - December, 126,123 BC and in a mythology

6. Inversion or Reciprocity/6th Heaven - Constancy/6th Archon as the Sixth Generation of 260,000 GPY

is assigned to a Sixth Fractal Age of 255,754.4 Years & 256,268.1 'Civil Years':

130,000 - 104,000 GPY = December, 126,123 BC - September, 100,496 BC and in a mythology

7. Reflection/7th Heaven - Absorption/7th Archon as the Seventh Generation of 26,000 GPY

is assigned to a Seventh Fractal Age of 25,575.44 Years & 25,626.81 'Civil Years':

104,000 - 78,000 GPY = September, 100,496 BC - July, 74,869 BC and in a mythology

8. Relativity - No Anti-Principle as the Eighth Generation of 2,600 GPY

is assigned to a Eighth Fractal Age of 2,557.544 Years & 2,562.681 'Civil Years':

78,000 - 52,000 GPY = July, 74,869 BC - May, 49,242 BC and in a mythology

9. Quantization - No Anti-Principle as the Ninth Generation of 260 GPY

is assigned to a Ninth Fractal Age of 255.7544 Years & 256.2681 'Civil Years':

52,000 - 26,000 GPY = May, 49,242 BC - February, 23,615 BC and in a mythology of Atlantean civilization in its development and its destruction

10. New Identity as the Tenth Generation of 26 GPY in using 1-9 in Rootreduction 10=1 0; 11=1 1=2; 12=1 2=3;

and so on in N 9=N* is assigned to a Tenth Fractal Age of 25.57544 Years & 25.62681 'Civil Years':

26,000 - 0 GPY = February 28th, 23,615 BC - December 21st, 2012 and a mythology of the Mayan return of the Elders from the Skies

Milankovitch Theory describes the collective effects of changes in the Earth's movements upon its climate, named after Serbian civil engineer and mathematician [url=http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milutin_Milanković]Milutin Milanković[/url], who worked on it during First World War internment. Milanković mathematically theorised that variations in eccentricity, axial tilt, and precession of the Earth's orbit determined climatic patterns on Earth.

The Earth's axis completes one full cycle of precession approximately every 26,000 years. At the same time the elliptical orbit rotates more slowly. The combined effect of the two precessions leads to a 21,000-year period between the seasons and the orbit. In addition, the angle between Earth's rotational axis and the normal to the plane of its orbit, obliquity, moves from 22.1 degrees to 24.5 degrees and back again on a 41,000-year cycle; currently, this angle is 23.44 degrees and is decreasing.

Other astronomical theories were advanced by Joseph Adhemar, James Croll and others, but verification was difficult due to the absence of reliably dated evidence and doubts as to exactly which periods were important. Not until the advent of deep-ocean cores and a seminal paper by Hays, Imbrie, and Shackleton, "Variations in the Earth's Orbit: Pacemaker of the Ice Ages", in Science (1976)^[1] did the theory attain its present state.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milankovitch_cycles

Tonyblue, April 13th, 2011 & PalmSunday, April 17th, 2011

Last edited by shiloh on Wed Jan 11, 2012 9:43 pm; edited 12 times in total

shiloh

shiloh: Posts: 479
Join date: 2011-03-16
Age: 56
Location: Akbar Ra

Post n°36

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

shiloh on Fri Jul 08, 2011 3:25 am

<a href="http://www.earthfiles.com/index.php">http://www.earthfiles.com/index.php</a> 

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Black Holes and Galaxies Grew Up Together in Early Universe

© 2011 by Linda Moulton Howe 



“There are at least 30 million supermassive 
black holes in the early universe.”

- NASA Chandra X-ray Center



“We know from observations of nearby galaxies, 
starting with our own Milky Way - but also extending to other 
galaxies in the nearby universe - we can actually deduce the presence 
of their local black holes and find that every galaxy probably 
does have a black hole at its center.”

- Mitchell Begelman, Ph.D., Dir., JILA; Prof. of Astrophysics, CU-Boulder



<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholesgalaxieschandra.jpg" style="width: 540px; height: 425px" />Composite image from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) combines the deepest X-ray, optical and infrared views of the sky. The composite image shows a small section of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS), where the Chandra sources are blue, the optical HST data are shown in green and blue, and the infrared data from Hubble are in 
red and green. Using these images, astronomers have obtained the first direct evidence 
that black holes are common in the early universe and that very young black holes grew more aggressively than thought along side evolving galaxies. Image credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/U.Hawaii/E.Treister et al; Infrared: NASA/STScI/UC Santa 
Cruz/G.Illingworth et al; Optical: NASA/STScI/S.Beckwith et al.



June 29, 2011 Boulder, Colorado - On June 15, 2011, NASA hosted a TV press conference with several astrophysicists, including Prof. Mitchell Begelman, Ph.D., Director of the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA) and Prof. of Astrophysics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado. The news headline was “NASA's Chandra Finds Massive Black Holes Common in Early Universe.” The next day in the June 16, 2011, issue of Nature, astronomers described “Black Hole Growth in the Early Universe Is Self-Regulated and Largely Hidden from View.”

Astronomers obtained the above image, that is known as the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS), by pointing the telescope at the same patch of sky for over six weeks. The new Chandra data allowed astronomers to search for black holes in 200 distant galaxies, from when the universe was only 800 million to 950 million years old.

None of the galaxies was individually detected with Chandra, so the team used a technique that relied on Chandra's ability to very accurately determine the direction from which X-rays came to add up all the X-ray counts near the positions of these distant galaxies. The two “stacked” images resulting from this analysis are below, where the bottom image shows the low-energy X- rays and the top image has the high-energy X-rays.

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholeschandrastackedhigh.jpg" style="width: 318px; height: 359px" />

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholeschandrastackedlow.jpg" style="width: 319px; height: 358px" /> 
Images credit: X-ray: NASA/CXC/U.Hawaii/E.Treister et al; 
Infrared: NASA/STScI/UC Santa Cruz/G.Illingworth et al; 
Optical: NASA/STScI/S.Beckwith et al.

The stronger signal in high-energy X-rays implies that the black holes are nearly all enshrouded in thick clouds of gas and dust. Although copious amounts of optical light are generated by material falling onto the black holes, this light is blocked within the core of the black hole's host galaxy and is undetectable by optical telescopes. However, the high energies of X-ray light can penetrate these veils, allowing the black holes inside to be studied.

These results imply that between 30% to 100% of the distant galaxies contain growing supermassive black holes. Extrapolating these results from the relatively small field of view that was observed to the full sky, there are at least 30 million supermassive black holes in the early universe. Inexplicably, this is a factor of 10,000 larger than the estimated number of quasars in the early universe.

Recently I talked with Prof. Begelman about the surprise that large black holes that can suck in matter and matter galaxies grew up together in the early universe and that the recent research indicates that every galaxy has a black hole at its center.

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholedonutillus.jpg" style="width: 504px; height: 403px" /> 
Simulated view of a black hole in front of the Large Magellanic Cloud. 
The gravitational lensing effect known as an Einstein ring is the reddish brown 
material that arcs around the black hole's distortion of time and space, 
the “gravitational lensing effect.” Source: Wikipedia.
<hr />

Interview:

Mitchell Begelman, Ph.D., Director, Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA) and Prof. of Astrophysics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado: “The Milky Way galaxy has a black hole at its center with a mass about 4 million times the mass of the sun. If you look at a much bigger galaxy – say the galaxy known as Messier 87 (M87) in the Virgo cluster of galaxies – that galaxy is about 1,000 times bigger than the Milky Way- and remarkably, it’s black hole is about 1,000 times bigger than the black hole found in the center of the Milky Way.

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholesm87illus062911.jpg" style="width: 504px; height: 403px" /> 
Artist illustration of a supermassive black hole at the center of M87 galaxy in the Virgo 
cluster of galaxies. NASA's Galaxy Evolution Explorer found evidence that black holes - 
once they grow to a critical size - stifle the formation of new stars in elliptical galaxies. 
Black holes are thought to do this by heating up and blasting away the gas that fuels 
star formation. The blue color here represents radiation pouring out from material 
very close to the black hole. The grayish structure surrounding the black hole, called a torus, 
is made up of gas and dust. Beyond the torus, only the old, red-colored stars that make up 
the galaxy can be seen. Image Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech.

If you look at smaller galaxies, we’re able to measure the black holes in some of those and we find they have smaller black holes. And so, there is a very tight connection that suggests that somehow the growth of the galaxy is related to the growth of the black hole.

GIVEN THE FACT THAT BLACK HOLES SUCK IN MATTER AND LIGHT, IT IS HARD TO CONCEIVE THAT OUT OF THE SINGULARITY – THE BIG BANG – THAT THERE COULD HAVE BEEN A SIMULTANEOUS CREATION OF BLACK HOLES WITH THE BEGINNING OF GALAXIES WITHOUT THE BLACK HOLES EATING UP THE GALAXIES.

That’s true. We’ve come to understand that black holes never give up anything that they swallow. We do have a basic understanding about why they don’t swallow everything. The reason is that a black hole is very small. In order for a black hole to swallow matter, the matter has to get very close to it. In fact, there seems to be a natural process by which black holes are able to swallow a certain amount of matter, but it’s very difficult for them to swallow everything in their vicinity. Some of us have coined the phrase: ‘Black holes are fussy eaters’ to describe this effect.

BUT WHAT AMAZED ME OUT OF YOUR PRESS CONFERENCE WERE THE STATISTICS THAT BASED ON YOUR RESEARCH THAT YOU ARE SAYING THERE WERE AT LEAST 30 MILLION SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES IN THE EARLY UNIVERSE.

Yes.

YOU WOULD THINK THAT NUMBER OF BLACK HOLES WOULD BE COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE TO THE EVOLUTION AND GROWTH OF GALAXIES.

Well, what we think happened is that black holes were an important part of regulating the formation of galaxies so they didn’t get too big. One of the big surprises in our study during the past ten or fifteen years about how the universe evolved and how galaxies might have formed is that computer simulations describing the condensation of matter in the early universe suggested that galaxies should have become even bigger than they did and more stars should have been formed than we actually see.

What we’ve come to believe from these theoretical models is that some form of energy must have been present to prevent too many galaxies and too many stars from forming and to prevent galaxies from becoming too big. Our guess is that it’s the energy liberated when black holes swallow matter that prevented the successive growth of galaxies. At the same time, the galaxy itself provided an environment within which the black hole grew and the two of them growing together formed sort of a regulation loop – one regulating the other and vice versa.

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholejetillustration.jpg" style="width: 300px; height: 400px" /> 
Artist's conception of black hole blasting out jets 
of charged particles traveling near the speed of light accelerated 
by corkscrew magnetic field lines. How exactly the matter 
falls into a black hole and ends up being dragged by the jets 
is still not understood. Image source: ESA.

WELL, THEN IS IT FAIR TO SAY THAT EVERY EVOLVING GALAXY MUST HAVE A BLACK HOLE AT ITS CENTER OF SOME SIZE?

It’s not only fair to say that, but in the nearby galaxies where we can measure such things, we actually detect the black hole in every case. So in fact we know from observations of nearby galaxies, starting with our own Milky Way but also extending to other galaxies in the nearby universe, we can actually deduce the presence of their local black holes and find that every galaxy probably does have a black hole at its center.

WHAT AMAZES ME IS THAT BLACK HOLE WAS SORT OF LIKE THE RARE MONSTER IN THE UNIVERSE.

Yes.

THIS WORK TURNS ALL OF THAT AROUND AND SAYS BLACK HOLES HAVE BEEN AN INTIMATE AND ORGANIC PART OF THE EVOLUTION OF THIS ENTIRE COSMOS RIGHT FROM THE BEGINNING OF THE BIG BANG.

Yes, that’s exactly what I think the message is and it’s a message that has been coming for about fifteen years. If you start to accumulate large numbers of black holes in the central regions of these merging galactic fragments, you start to have the risk that some of these black holes are actually going to be flung out. There are gravitational interactions between these black holes before they merge together that tend to propel them out of the galaxy. And so it’s quite possible that in addition to having a black hole at the center of every galaxy you can see, there might be millions or even hundreds of millions or even billions of black holes flying around in the space between galaxies completely invisible. We just don’t know if they are there or not. It’s quite possible that they are.

THE VERY IDEA THAT THE UNIVERSE IS FULL OF THESE MATTER-EATING MASSES THAT WE CAN’T SEE IS AN EERIE FEELING.

Yes, it is – absolutely! That feeling never goes away even though I’ve been studying these things for 30 years. (laughs)

AND ALL OF THIS STARTED ON A PIECE OF PAPER AND THE MIND OF ALBERT EINSTEIN?

Yes. Although, there was even a version of black holes that was proposed at the end of the 1700s by both British and French physicists.

WHY WOULD THEY HAVE SUSPECTED THAT SO FAR BACK?

Of course, they did not understand how gravity really worked the way we do now through Einstein’s General Relativity. But they asked themselves a simple question: If you have a gravitating body like the sun or the Earth, there is an escape speed from that body. To send a satellite outside the bounds of the Earth’s gravity, you have to accelerate it to a certain speed and they understood this from Newton’s theory of gravity. So, they simply asked themselves: Suppose you had a body, which was so massive and so dense that its escape speed was greater than the speed of light? Then light would never escape it. And they published that idea. That was the first version of a black hole. I find black holes absolutely astonishing objects despite having studied them for years!

WOULD THE BLACK HOLES HAVE BEEN AT THE CENTER OF THOSE GALAXIES HALF A BILLION YEARS AFTER THE BIG BANG?

That’s a very good question as well. The black holes forming in any preliminary galactic structure – the accumulation of gas would probably have been in the center. Gas tends to settle into the center of mass of the structure that contains that gas. So, each of the proto-galaxies that formed a black hole would have had that black hole pretty close to the center.

SO, THE BLACK HOLE AT THE CENTER OF THE MILKY WAY GALAXY WAS A GROWTH CONTROLLER IN THE EARLY PART OF THE GALAXY AND ONCE IT HAD AN IMPACT ON HOW BIG THE MILKY WAY GALAXY WOULD BE, IT SITS THERE AND WILL CONSUME ANYTHING THAT COMES WITHIN A CERTAIN REGION OF IT, BUT THAT IT WOULD CONTINUE TO BE BENIGN THROUGH THE REST OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE MILKY WAY GALAXY’S LIFE?

That’s right – yes! The black hole at the center of the Milky Way is less than the size of the solar system, and that’s a few light-minutes across or a few light-hours across. The whole galaxy is tens of thousands of light-years across. So, this tiny thing – smaller than our solar system – has regulated the evolution of our whole galaxy.



Worm Holes and White Holes

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/timetravelsiriuswormhole.jpg" style="width: 500px; height: 338px" /> 
Earth to the star system Sirius is 54 trillion miles, or 8.6 years traveling at the speed 
of light (8.6 light-years). But a wormhole through hyperspace between Earth and Sirius 
would dramatically shorten travel forwards or backwards in time. Source: HowStuffWorks.com.

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/bentwaterstimetravelgraphic030211.jpg" style="width: 504px; height: 329px" /> 
A theoretical time travel machine. This wormhole illustration shows a theoretical 
“tunnel” or shortcut through space-time predicted by Einstein's theory of relativity. 
A wormhole links two places in space-time where negative energy pulls space and time 
into the mouth of the wormhole tunnel, emerging in another universe. 
Illustration © 2010 by DailyMailOnline.



BLACK HOLES HAVE BEEN CONSUMING MATTER FROM ALL OF THE GROWING GALAXIES FOR THESE 13.7 BILLION LIGHT-YEARS.

Yes.

WHERE HAS ALL THAT MATTER AND LIGHT GONE?

Well, anything that has been swallowed by the black hole is inside the black hole and cannot be extracted. Einstein’s theory, which describes the nature of black holes, makes very powerful and clear predictions about this. Of course, there is a lot of speculation about whether there might be pathways from the interior of black holes to other universes or parts of our universe through objects that have been hypothesized called ‘worm holes.’ When these have been studied in detail – at least according to everything we understand about the nature of gravity – they probably can’t exist. But certainly we don’t think that anything that has been swept up by a black hole is ever going to appear in our universe in any significant way ever again.

IS A WORM HOLE THE SAME AS A WHITE HOLE?

A worm hole has at its end a white hole, yes.

WHY ARE WHITE HOLES CONSIDERED EITHER THEORETICAL OR NOT POSSIBLE?

They are believed to be not possible because the energy content of worm holes is such that they would essentially choke themselves off almost instantaneously. So they are believed to be such extremely unstable objects that in effect they can’t really exist.

WE’VE GOT THAT LARGE HADRON COLLIDER (LHC) NEAR GENEVA AND IT IS BECOMING MORE AND MORE POWERFUL. REMEMBER WHEN THERE WERE ALL OF THOSE WORRIES THAT THIS COULD BE A DOOMS DAY MACHINE BECAUSE IT WOULD CREATE LITTLE BLACK HOLES THAT COULD SUCK THE EARTH INTO THEM?

Yes.



Mini-Black Holes Created At LHC?

 
<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholeslhcatlasdetector.jpg" style="width: 504px; height: 336px" /> 
The ATLAS detector in the Large Hadron Collider. A mini-black hole would be smaller 
than an atom. At that size the black hole wouldn't swallow much matter. 
Photograph courtesy Claudia Marcelloni, CERN.

GIVEN YOUR RESEARCH, WHY IS THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER NOT CREATING AT LEAST MINI-BLACK HOLES?

There are a lot of reasons why they might not create black holes in the first place. The idea that they could create black holes arose from some very speculative theories about the structure of space and time, which in fact proposed that there were separate dimensions that had never been discovered. Not only that, but these dimensions would be rather large dimensions, surprisingly large. So, there was a very good chance that black holes could not be created at all (in the LHC).

But even if the Large Hadron Collider did create any black holes, there are several reasons why they would never suck the Earth in. For one thing, matter has to get extremely close to a black hole just right in order to be swallowed by the black hole. You could actually have these microscopic black holes traveling back and forth through the Earth and they would not do anything.

The second thing is that a microscopic black hole behaves like an unstable, elementary particle of matter and in fact, it decays – it explodes. So a microscopic black hole would not swallow material. It would explode like an ordinary, unstable particle that might be formed by the Large Hadron Collider.

The third reason I’m not worried about the Large Hadron Collider producing microscopic black holes is that if such black holes could exist, they’ve been produced since the beginning of the universe by very energetic particles called cosmic rays, which are completely natural and are hitting the Earth all the time. So if these black holes can be produced (by the LHC), they are already being produced all the time (naturally) and so far they have not destroyed the Earth.”
<blockquote>

<img alt="" src="http://www.thuban.spruz.com/gfile/75r4!-!GKLGHE!-!zrzor45!-!KJHHRLGE-NHFF-HESR-MRHM-DMDFJQQHNGOR!-!72y1nq/blackholegroj1655illus.jpg" style="width: 504px; height: 336px" />Illustration of hidden black hole ejecting “jet” at the center of a reddish, plasma 
accretion disc known as GRO J1655 that flickers 450 times a second, probably 
because the central black hole is rotating very rapidly. Credit: A. Hobart, CXC
</blockquote>
<hr />

More Information:

For further reports about black holes and other cosmic mysteries, please see the <a href="http://www.earthfiles.com/headlines.php?category=Archives">Earthfiles Archive.</a>
<blockquote>

• 04/29/2011 — Cosmic Explosion So Strange Scientists Say It's “Unprecedented” 
• 04/30/2010 — M82 Galaxy's Mysterious Radio Waves 
• 01/14/2010 — Death Stars: Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts 
• 01/06/2010 — Earliest Image Yet of Our Universe 
• 11/19/2009 — Large Hadron Collider: Looking for the “God Particle” and Beyond 
• 09/09/2008 — Part 1: Getting Close to the “Big Bang” Inside Large Hadron Collider? 
• 09/09/2008 — Part 2: Getting Close to the “Big Bang” Inside Large Hadron Collider? 
• 03/30/2008 — Enceladus Water Geyers Full of Organic Chemicals 
• 03/28/2008 — Earth-Size Planet Beyond Pluto and Kuiper Belt? 
• 02/13/2008 — Saturn's Titan Moon Has Greater Oil Reserves Than Earth 
• 01/25/2008 — Could Our Universe Be A Virtual Reality Processed By Other Intelligence? 
• 01/12/2008 — Our Milky Way Galaxy On Collision Course with Huge Gas Cloud - 40 Million Years from Now 
• 12/19/2006 — First Stars - Or First Black Holes - in Universe? 
• 11/27/2006 — Namibia Telescopes Find First "Gamma Clock" in Milky Way Galaxy 
• 12/04/2005 — Central Black Hole Affects Massive Perseus Galaxy Cluster 
• 11/09/2005 — Dust Storm On Mars, Cosmic First Light and Black Hole At Our Galaxy's Center 
• 03/03/2005 — What Made Five Strong Radio Bursts At the Center of Our Galaxy? 
• 05/14/2003 — Hubble Telescope Finds "Ashes" of First Stars in This Universe 
• 09/12/2000 — Black Holes - A Surprising Mass in the M82 Galaxy 
• 09/06/2000 — Hubble Photographs Mystery Object in Centaurus Constellation 
• 04/24/2000 — A Black Hole in the Big Dipper? 
• 01/28/2000 — Black Hole Mystery at the Center of the Andromeda Galaxy
</blockquote>
<hr />

Websites:

Nature June 16, 2011: <a href="http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v474/n7351/full/nature10103.html">http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v474/n7351/full/nature10103.html</a>

NASA Chandra X-Ray Observatory Center: <a href="http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/multimedia/deep_south.html">http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/chandra/multimedia/deep_south.html</a>

Galaxy Evolution Explorer: <a href="http://www.galex.caltech.edu/">http://www.galex.caltech.edu/</a>

Black Holes: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole</a>

Micro Black Holes: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_black_hole">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_black_hole</a>

CERN LHC Black Hole Safety: <a href="http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/safety-en.html">http://public.web.cern.ch/public/en/lhc/safety-en.html</a>

Galaxy Formation and Evolution: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_formation_and_evolution</a>

Messier 87: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_87">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messier_87</a>

White Holes and Worm Holes: <a href="http://casa.colorado.edu/~ajsh/schww.html">http://casa.colorado.edu/~ajsh/schww.html</a>

<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole</a>

Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics (JILA): <a href="http://jila.colorado.edu/research/Astrophysics">http://jila.colorado.edu/research/Astrophysics</a>
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Last edited by shiloh on Wed Jan 11, 2012 9:46 pm; edited 1 time in total

THEeXchanger

THEeXchanger: Posts: 2651
Join date: 2011-06-04
Age: 54

Post n°37

Re: Transfer of Jenetta's thread on Black Hole Singularities in associativity with Thuban data

THEeXchanger on Wed Jan 11, 2012 8:46 am

Thank You Tony, for your formulas

- "good math equals good relations ~ good relations equals good math" - susan Lynne schwenger

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